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Extracted ulvans from green algae Ulva linza of Lebanese origin and amphiphilic derivatives: evaluation of their physico-chemical and rheological properties

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Abstract

Over the last years, different seaweeds have raised considerable interest as sources of valuable and biodegradable materials from renewable and environmental sources in order to limit the use of the traditional non-renewable petroleum/chemical-based ones. For instance, the exploitation of algae as a source of carbohydrate polymers has been the target of special attention and specifically research on the unexploited green algae, including their polysaccharide ulvan. In this study, a simple method for extraction of ulvan from the green alga Ulva linza of Lebanese origin is demonstrated successfully without enzymatic treatment. The isolated ulvan (yield = 21.7%) was characterized in terms of composition and structure by elemental analysis, turbidimetric method of barium sulfate, size exclusion chromatography, HPLC after acidic methanolysis of ulvan, FTIR, and NMR spectroscopy. An ulvan with a relatively low content of protein (2.56%), high amount of sulfate (17.2%), and a molecular weight of 565,100 g mol−1 was identified as a sole polysaccharide. This ulvan was rich in rhamnose (26.2%) and glucuronic acid (11.5%) while a low amount of iduronic acid (3.5%), xylose (5.8%), and glucose (1.2%) was detected. Rheological properties of ulvan revealed a shear-thinning pseudoplastic behavior for a concentration range between 0.5 and 3% in a solution of 7 mM CaCl2 and 7 mM H3BO3. Also, storage (G′) and loss (G″) moduli were studied for ulvan solution (1%). Besides, an original hydrophobically modified uronamide ulvan (HM-ulvan) was elaborated in aqueous medium using the coupling agent EDC-HCl in the presence of octylamine. The linkage between carboxylic groups of ulvan uronic acid and octylamine via amide functions was demonstrated chemically by FTIR and NMR (1D and 2D). In conclusion, the introduction of octyl fatty chains on the ulvan backbone increased the dynamic viscosity and improved the rheological properties by creating hydrophobic associations in the solution of HM-ulvan. The low degree of substitution (0.42) influenced dramatically the critical aggregation concentration (CAC) and no foam properties of HM-ulvan were detected.

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Acknowledgements

The AZM & SAADE association and the doctoral school for sciences and technology-Lebanese university are acknowledged for their financial support. Authors acknowledge the Centre d’Etude et de Valorisation des Algues (CEVA) for analyzing the composition in monosaccharides and uronic acid in ulvan sample, also, Polymers Characterization services—Institut Charles Sadron CNRS UPR 22 for the realization of aqueous size exclusion chromatography analysis and the bureau des analyses, department service central d’analyse—Institut des sciences analytiques UMR 5280 for elemental microanalysis.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Applied Biotechnology (LBA3B), AZM Center for Research in Biotechnology and its Applications, Doctoral School for Sciences and Technology, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon

    Nouha Sari-Chmayssem, Samir Taha & Hiba Mawlawi

  2. Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR - UMR6226, École Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, 11 allée de Beaulieu, CS 50837, 35708, Rennes Cedex 7, France

    Nouha Sari-Chmayssem, Jean-Paul Guégan, Jelena Jeftić & Thierry Benvegnu

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  1. Nouha Sari-Chmayssem
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  2. Samir Taha
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  3. Hiba Mawlawi
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  4. Jean-Paul Guégan
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  5. Jelena Jeftić
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  6. Thierry Benvegnu
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Correspondence to Thierry Benvegnu.

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Sari-Chmayssem, N., Taha, S., Mawlawi, H. et al. Extracted ulvans from green algae Ulva linza of Lebanese origin and amphiphilic derivatives: evaluation of their physico-chemical and rheological properties. J Appl Phycol 31, 1931–1946 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-018-1668-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-018-1668-y

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