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Effect of Novel Cu@ZnO Hybrid Nanofluids on Pool Boiling Heat Transfer Performance

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Abstract

The present study aims to examine the effects of varying concentrations of the unique Cu@ZnO hybrid nanofluid on the pool boiling heat transfer coefficient (HTC) and critical heat flux (CHF). A four-step process was used to create the Cu@ZnO hybrid nanofluids by discharging in liquid nitrogen. Copper nanoparticles (Cu-NPs) are created by initially running discharges between two copper electrodes. In the same liquid where Cu-NPs, generated during the previous stage, are present, fresh discharges are then conducted between two zinc electrodes. At first, Cu@Zn core–shell nanoparticles are produced, followed by copper nanoparticles coated in zinc. The oxidation of the synthesised core–shell nanoparticles takes place in the last stage after liquid nitrogen has evaporated, exposing the metals to air and causing them to change into oxides. The fourth phase involves dispersing the created nanoparticles in DI water as the base fluid. By dispersing the hybrid nanoparticles by an ultrasonication procedure at four distinct volume concentrations: 0.025 %, 0.050 %, 0.075 %, and 0.1 %, stable nanofluids were achieved. The heated surface was a 10-mm-diameter cylindrical copper test piece. When compared to DI water, the hybrid Cu@ZnO water nanofluids thermal conductivity was established to be 31 % greater at 45 °C. A higher concentration enhanced the HTC and CHF during the pool boiling experiment. The highest increases in HTC and CHF were reported to be 212.23 % and 85.80 %, respectively, for 0.1 % hybrid nanofluid in comparison with the basic fluid (DI water). Additionally, the boiling heat transfer was negatively impacted by every additional volume concentration rise above 0.1 %.

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Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge to Add Nano Synthesis Lab, Bangalore, India for providing material synthesis facility, and NIT, Silchar, India for financial support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Mechanical Engineering Department, National Institute of Technology, Silchar, Assam, 788010, India

    Sanjay Kumar Gupta & Rahul Dev Misra

  2. Mechanical Engineering Department, GMR Institute of Technology, Rajam, Andhra Pradesh, 532127, India

    Sanjay Kumar Gupta

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Gupta, S.K., Misra, R.D. Effect of Novel Cu@ZnO Hybrid Nanofluids on Pool Boiling Heat Transfer Performance. Int J Thermophys 44, 134 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10765-023-03240-z

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