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Potential effects of warming on the trophic structure of shallow lakes in South America: a comparative analysis of subtropical and tropical systems

  • ECOLOGY OF SHALLOW LAKES
  • Published:
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Abstract

To investigate the potential long-term consequences of environmental warming in subtropical systems, we compare the trophic structure of shallow lakes in tropical and subtropical regions. In total, 25 meso-eutrophic lakes with piscivorous fish were sampled during summer along a latitudinal gradient in South America. The fish catch per unit of effort and the omnivorous fish to zooplankton biomass ratios were significantly lower in the tropical lakes. Despite the lower fish biomass, no significant difference was found in zooplankton or phytoplankton communities or in the zooplankton to phytoplankton biomass ratio between the two sets of lakes. Nevertheless, regression models based on the combined dataset show higher cyanobacteria and total phytoplankton biomass at lower zooplankton to phytoplankton biomass ratio and higher omnivorous fish to zooplankton biomass ratio. Cyanobacteria biomass was dominated by non bloom-forming taxa and was inversely related to the biomass of calanoid copepods suggesting that these herbivores may play an important role in controlling edible cyanobacteria in warm shallow lakes. Overall, our results, however, suggest that warming will have relatively minor impacts on the pelagic trophic structure of shallow subtropical lakes supporting the idea of weaker trophic cascades in warm (sub)tropical lakes in comparison to temperate ones.

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Data availability

The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank Anne Mette Poulsen for revising the English and two anonymous reviewers for their comments and suggestions to improve the manuscript. We thank our colleagues and students who helped us in the field and/or in the laboratory. We also thank Marten Scheffer for the SALGA project coordination.

Funding

This research was financed by The Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) grant W84-549 and WB84-586, The National Geographic Society grant 7864-5; in Brazil by Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnológico (CNPq) grants 480122, 490409, 311427; in Uruguay by PEDECIBA, Maestría en Ciencias Ambientales, Aguas de la Costa S.A., Banco de Seguros del Estado, and the SNI of the Agencia Nacional de Investigación e Innovación (ANII). VH was partially supported by CNPq, Brazil, grant 304284. EJ was supported by the TÛBITAK program BIDEB2232 (project 118C250).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil

    José Luiz Attayde

  2. Departamento de Fitotecnia e Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Areia, PB, Brazil

    Rosemberg F. Menezes

  3. Department of Aquatic Ecology and Environmental Biology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands

    Sarian Kosten

  4. Ecología Funcional de Sistemas Acuáticos, Centro Universitario Regional del Este, Universidad de la República, Maldonado, Uruguay

    Gissell Lacerot & Carla Kruk

  5. Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Silkeborg, Denmark

    Erik Jeppesen & Mariana Meerhoff

  6. Sino-Danish Centre for Education and Research, University of the Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China

    Erik Jeppesen

  7. Limnology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences and Centre for Ecosystem Research and Implementation, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey

    Erik Jeppesen

  8. Institute of Marine Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Mersin, Turkey

    Erik Jeppesen

  9. Laboratório de Ficologia, Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil

    Vera Huszar

  10. Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

    Christina W. Castelo Branco

  11. Instituto de Pesquisas Hidráulicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil

    David da Mota-Marques

  12. Departamento de Ecología y Gestión Ambiental, Centro Universitario Regional del Este, Universidad de la República, Maldonado, Uruguay

    Franco Teixeira-de-Mello, Mariana Meerhoff & Néstor Mazzeo

  13. Petrobras Transporte SA, Transpetro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

    José H. C. Gomes

  14. Centro de Ciências Biológicas e Sociais Aplicadas, Universidade Estadual da Paraiba, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil

    Celia C. C. Machado

  15. Instituto SARAS, Bella Vista, Maldonado, Uruguay

    Néstor Mazzeo

Authors
  1. José Luiz Attayde
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  2. Rosemberg F. Menezes
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  3. Sarian Kosten
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  4. Gissell Lacerot
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  5. Erik Jeppesen
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  6. Vera Huszar
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  7. Christina W. Castelo Branco
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  8. David da Mota-Marques
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  9. Carla Kruk
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  10. Franco Teixeira-de-Mello
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  11. José H. C. Gomes
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  12. Celia C. C. Machado
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  13. Mariana Meerhoff
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  14. Néstor Mazzeo
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Contributions

NM, SK, GL, and EJ contributed to the conceptual and methodological development of the ‘South American Lake Gradient Analysis’ (SALGA) project. GL and SK co-coordinated the fieldwork. GL, SK, EJ, NM, VH, CWCB, DMM, JLA, and RFM conducted the fieldwork. VH and CK analyzed the phytoplankton samples, GL and CWCB analyzed the zooplankton samples, FTM, JHCG, JLA, NM, and GL analyzed the fish samples. This particular study was conceived by JLA, who wrote the first draft of the manuscript. RFM ran the statistical analyzes and made the tables and most figures. CCCM made Fig. 1 and the analyzes of land use/cover. MM contributed with a theoretical background and valuable suggestions to improve the manuscript. All authors discussed the results, commented on previous versions of the manuscript, and approved this final version.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to José Luiz Attayde.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Handling editor: Sidinei Magela Thomaz.

Guest editors: José L. Attayde, Renata F. Panosso, Vanessa Becker, Juliana D. Dias & Erik Jeppesen / Advances in the Ecology of Shallow Lakes

Supplementary Information

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10750_2021_4753_MOESM1_ESM.pdf

Fig. S1 Simple linear regressions using cladocerans (CLA) and cladocerans to total zooplankton ratio (CLA:TZOO) as the response variables, and cyanobacteria to total phytoplankton (CYA:TPHYTO) and omnivorous fish to total zooplankton (OMN:TZOO) ratios as the predictor variables in subtropical and tropical lakes. The shaded areas on the regression lines denote a 95% confidence interval. (PDF 294 kb)

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Attayde, J.L., Menezes, R.F., Kosten, S. et al. Potential effects of warming on the trophic structure of shallow lakes in South America: a comparative analysis of subtropical and tropical systems. Hydrobiologia 849, 3859–3876 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-021-04753-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-021-04753-0

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