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Genetic characterization and barcoding of taxa in the genera Landoltia and Spirodela (Lemnaceae) by three plastidic markers and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP)

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Abstract

Duckweeds, the fastest growing angiosperms, are gaining increasing attention with respect to their practical applications. Different clones of the same duckweed species vary in their physiological properties. Hence, screening of suitable clones of a species is very important. To enable the identification of clones, a clear taxonomic classification and barcoding at different taxonomic levels, i.e. genera, species, and clones is a pre-requisite. In the present project, we have focused on the genera Spirodela and Landoltia. Spirodela polyrhiza (L.) Schleid. (42 clones), Spirodela intermedia W. Koch (14 clones), and Landoltia punctata (G. Meyer) Les & Crawford (15 clones) were characterized using three plastidic sequences (rpl16, rps16, atpF-atpH) and AFLP fingerprinting. Genome size determination showed significant differences between the two genera. The genetic variability is lowest in S. polyrhiza and highest in S. intermedia. Although the resolution of phenetic variability by AFLP fingerprinting is much higher than the sequence variation of the selected plastidic regions, not all clones could be identified unequivocally. However, without any exception, all clones were strictly categorized into the three species as defined by the morphological markers. The results do not justify the separation of some clones as Spirodela biperforata from S. intermedia.

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Acknowledgments

We thank the German Research Foundation, Bonn, Germany for supporting this project (AP 54/10-1). We thank Prof. Dr. Frank Hellwig, Institute of Plant Systematics, Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, and Dr. Elena Z. Kochieva, Bioengineering Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, for their support, and Ms. Heike Ernst, IPK Gatersleben for making the photographs.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Botany and Cell Biology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany

    Manuela Bog, Ulrich Lautenschlager & Christoph Oberprieler

  2. Institute of Plant Physiology, Friedrich-Schiller-University of Jena, Dornburger Str. 159, 07743, Jena, Germany

    Maria F. Landrock & Klaus-J. Appenroth

  3. Department of Integrative Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland

    Elias Landolt

  4. Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Gatersleben, Germany

    Joerg Fuchs

  5. Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University, Noida, India

    K. Sowjanya Sree

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  1. Manuela Bog
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  2. Ulrich Lautenschlager
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  3. Maria F. Landrock
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  4. Elias Landolt
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  6. K. Sowjanya Sree
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  7. Christoph Oberprieler
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  8. Klaus-J. Appenroth
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Klaus-J. Appenroth.

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Handling editor: Stuart Anthony Halse

Prof. em. Dr. Elias Landolt deceased on 1st April 2013.

Electronic supplementary material

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

10750_2014_2163_MOESM1_ESM.xlsx

Supplementary material 1 (XLSX 13 kb) Supplementary Table S1: Genome sizes of clones of the species S. intermedia, S. polyrhiza, and L. punctata

10750_2014_2163_MOESM2_ESM.xlsx

Supplementary material 2 (XLSX 144 kb) Supplementary Table S2: 0/1-matrix of AFLP investigations of clones of S. intermedia, S. polyrhiza, and L. punctata (Sheet 1) as well as fixed and private bands (Sheet 2) and possible identical clone pairs as identified by the ‘Clones.list’ function of AFLPdat (Sheet 3)

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Bog, M., Lautenschlager, U., Landrock, M.F. et al. Genetic characterization and barcoding of taxa in the genera Landoltia and Spirodela (Lemnaceae) by three plastidic markers and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP). Hydrobiologia 749, 169–182 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-014-2163-3

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