Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Genetic variability of wild apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) populations in the Ili Valley as revealed by ISSR markers

  • Research Article
  • Published:
Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The genetic variability of 14 wild Prunus armeniaca populations was investigated using morphological analysis and inter-simple sequence repeat markers. 10 morphological characters revealed a high level variation, especially Fruit number, Fruit weight, Seed weight and Tree height. Totally, 15 selected primers generated 155 loci, with an average of 10.3 bands per primer. Nei’s gene diversity (H e ) and Shannon’s index of diversity (I) were fairly high at the species level (H e  = 0.2741, I = 0.4220). High molecular and morphological variability indicated that wild apricots in the Ili Valley still maintained a relatively high level of diversity. The G ST of 0.2275 revealed a low level of genetic differentiation among populations, and genetic variation mainly resided within populations (81.51 %), which was identified with the moderate gene flow value (N m  = 1.6974). The relatively high intraspecific genetic diversity and low inter-population genetic differentiation was largely attributed to long-distance dispersal of pollen, continuous distribution of populations and the self-incompatible breeding system.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Asma BM, Ozturk K (2005) Analysis of morphological, pomological and yield characteristics of some apricot germplasm in Turkey. Genet Resour Crop Evol 52(3):305–313

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ballester J, de Vicente MC (1998) Determination of F-1 hybrid seed purity in pepper using PCR-based markers. Euphytica 103(2):223–226. doi:10.1023/a:1018372523343

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Eriksson L, Johansson E, Kettaneh-Wold N, Wold S (1999) Introduction to multi- and megavariate data analysis using projection methods (PCA & PLS). Umetrics AB, Umea

    Google Scholar 

  • Excoffier L, Smouse PE, Quattro JM (1992) Aanlysis of molecular variance inferred from metric distances among DNA haplotypes—application to human mitochondrial-DNA restriction data. Genetics 131(2):479–491

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ganopoulos IV, Kazantzis K, Chatzicharisis I, Karayiannis I, Tsaftaris AS (2011) Genetic diversity, structure and fruit trait associations in Greek sweet cherry cultivars using microsatellite based (SSR/ISSR) and morpho-physiological markers. Euphytica 181(2):237–251. doi:10.1007/s10681-011-0416-z

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Godoy JA, Jordano P (2001) Seed dispersal by animals: exact identification of source trees with endocarp DNA microsatellites. Mol Ecol 10(9):2275–2283. doi:10.1046/j.0962-1083.2001.01342.x

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • He TM, Chen XS, Xu Z, Gao JS, Lin PJ, Liu W, Liang Q, Wu Y (2007) Using SSR markers to determine the population genetic structure of wild apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) in the Ily Valley of West China. Genet Resour Crop Evol 54(3):563–572. doi:10.1007/s10722-006-0013-5

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hormaza JI (2002) Molecular characterization and similarity relationships among apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) genotypes using simple sequence repeats. Theor Appl Genet 104(2–3):321–328. doi:10.1007/s001220100684

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hou B, Xu Z (2005) Relationship of the occurences and evolutions of Wild-Fruit forests with climatic factors in the Tianshan Mountain. Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalla Sinica 25(11):2266 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Hurtado MA, Romero C, Vilanova S, Abbott AG, Llacer G, Badenes ML (2002) Genetic linkage maps of two apricot cultivars (Prunus armeniaca L.), and mapping of PPV (sharka) resistance. Theor Appl Genet 105(2-3):182–191. doi:10.1007/s00122-002-0936-y

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Li MM, Cai YL, Qian ZQ, Zhao GF (2009) Genetic diversity and differentiation in Chinese sour cherry Prunus pseudocerasus Lindl., and its implications for conservation. Genet Resour Crop Evol 56(4):455–464. doi:10.1007/s10722-008-9378-y

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Liedloff A (1999) Mantel V2.0, nonparametric test calculator. Queensland University of Technology, Australia

  • Liu W, Liu D, Zhang A, Feng C, Yang J, Yoon J, Li S (2007) Genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships among plum germplasm resources in China assessed with inter-simple sequence repeat markers. J Am Soc Hortic Sci 132(5):619–628

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mantel N (1967) The detection of disease clustering and a generalized regression approach. Cancer Res 27(2):209–220

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Martin C, Herrero M, Hormaza JI (2011) Molecular characterization of apricot germplasm from an old stone collection. PLoS ONE 6(8):e23979. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0023979

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nei M (1973) Analysis of gene diversity in subdivided populations. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 70(12):3321–3323. doi:10.1073/pnas.70.12.3321

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nei M (1978) Estimation of average heterozygosity and genetic distance from a small number of individuals. Genetics 89(3):583–590

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Reddy MP, Sarla N, Siddiq EA (2002) Inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) polymorphism and its application in plant breeding. Euphytica 128(1):9–17

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rohlf FJ (2000) NTSYS-PC, numerical taxonomy system for the PC ExeterSoftware, Version 2.1. Applied Biostatistics Inc Setauket, USA

  • Rubio-Moraga A, Candel-Perez D, Lucas-Borja ME, Tiscar PA, Viñegla B, Linares JC, Gómez-Gómez L, Ahrazem O (2012) Genetic diversity of Pinus nigra Arn. populations in southern Spain and northern Morocco revealed by inter-simple sequence repeat profiles. Int J Mol Sci 13(5):5645–5658. doi:10.3390/ijms13055645

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schaal BA, Hayworth DA, Olsen KM, Rauscher JT, Smith WA (1998) Phylogeographic studies in plants: problems and prospects. Mol Ecol 7:465–474. doi:10.1046/j.1365-294x.1998.00318.x

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shahi-Gharahlar A, Zamani Z, Fatahi R, Bouzari N (2011) Estimation of genetic diversity in some Iranian wild Prunus subgenus Cerasus accessions using inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. Biochem Syst Ecol 39(4–6):826–833. doi:10.1016/j.bse.2011.07.018

    Google Scholar 

  • Shannon CE, Weaver W (1949) The mathematical theory of communication. University of Illinois Press, Urbana

    Google Scholar 

  • Shiran B, Amirbakhtiar N, Kiani S, Mohammadi S, Sayed-Tabatabaei BE, Moradi H (2007) Molecular characterization and genetic relationship among almond cultivars assessed by RAPD and SSR markers. Sci Hortic 111(3):280–292. doi:10.1016/j.scienta.2006.10.024

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Slatkin M (1985) Gene flow in natural populations. Annu Rev Ecol Syst 16:393–430. doi:10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.16.1.393

    Google Scholar 

  • Slatkin M (1987) Gene flow and the geographic structure of natural populations. Science 236(4803):787–792. doi:10.1126/science.3576198

    Google Scholar 

  • Sorkheh K, Shiran B, Gradzeil TM, Epperson P, Martinez-Gómez P, Asadi E (2007) Amplified fragment length polymorphism as a tool for molecular characterization of almond germplasm: genetic diversity among genotypes and related wild species of almond, and its relationships with agronomic traits. Euphytica 156:327–344

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • SPSS Rel. 16.0.0 (2007) SPSS Inc., Chicago, USA

  • Wang YZ, Zhang JH, Sun HY, Ning N, Yang L (2011) Construction and evaluation of a primary core collection of apricot germplasm in China. Sci Hortic 128(3):311–319. doi:10.1016/j.scienta.2011.01.025

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yeh FC, Yang RC, Boyle TJB (1999) Popgene, Version 1.31. Available from http://www.ualberta.ca/~fyeh/

  • Yilmaz KU, Paydas-Kargi S, Dogan Y, Kafkas S (2012) Genetic diversity analysis based on ISSR, RAPD and SSR among Turkish apricot germplasms in Iran Caucasian eco-geographical group. Sci Hortic 138:138–143. doi:10.1016/j.scienta.2012.02.017

    Google Scholar 

  • Yılmaz KU, Ercişli S, Asma BM, Doğan Y, Kafkas S (2009) Genetic relatedness in Prunus genus revealed by inter-simple sequence repeat markers. HortScience 44(2):293–297

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhang XS (1973) Some issues about the ecological and geographical characteristics and the communities of wild fruit forests in the Yili region. J Bot Sin 15(2):239–252 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhang F, Ge S (2002) Data analysis in population genetics. I. Analysis of RAPD data with AMOVA. Chin Biodivers 10(4):438 (in Chinese)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhebentyayeva TN, Reighard GL, Gorina VM, Abbott AG (2003) Simple sequence repeat (SSR) analysis for assessment of genetic variability in apricot germplasm. Theor Appl Genet 106(3):435–444. doi:10.1007/s00122-002-1069-z

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhebentyayeva TN, Ledbetter C, Burgos L, Llácer G (2012) Apricot. In: Badenes ML, Byrne DH (eds) Fruit breeding. Handbook of plant breeding, vol 8. Springer, New York, pp 415–457

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This work was supported by grants from the Research Achievement Transformation Program of the Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology (No. 2009GB23600515) and Special Research Program for Public-welfare Forestry of the Chinese State Forestry Administration (No. 200904020).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Environment and Ecology in Western China of Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi, 712100, People’s Republic of China

    Ming Li, Zhong Zhao & Xing Jun Miao

Authors
  1. Ming Li
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Zhong Zhao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Xing Jun Miao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Zhong Zhao.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Li, M., Zhao, Z. & Miao, X.J. Genetic variability of wild apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) populations in the Ili Valley as revealed by ISSR markers. Genet Resour Crop Evol 60, 2293–2302 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-013-9996-x

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-013-9996-x

Keywords

Search

Navigation