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Landslide Susceptibility Modeling Using the Index of Entropy and Frequency Ratio Method from Nefas-Mewcha to Weldiya Road Corridor, Northwestern Ethiopia

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Abstract

In Nefas-Mewcha to Weldiya road corridor (study area), landslide incidence resulted in the death of people, devastation of infrastructure, properties, crops, and agricultural lands. To reduce damages due to landslide incidences, a complete landslide susceptibility mapping was carried out using GIS-based index of entropy (IOE) and frequency ratio (FR) models. Detailed fieldwork and google earth imagery analysis were used to identify 712 landslides. These landslides were divided into two categories: 498 (70%) for modeling and 214 (30%) for model validation. The spatial relationship between pre-existing landslides and 12 landslide factors was performed. Using a raster calculator, the weighted landslide factors were combined to provide a landslide susceptibility index (LSI). The natural break classification method was used to divide the LSI into five categories: very low, low, moderate, high, and very high susceptibility zones. The area under the curve (AUC) and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to assess the models' performance and accuracy. The results showed that the IOE model (AUC = 70%) performed somewhat better than the FR model (AUC = 66.41%) in terms of prediction. The IOE method also showed slightly high model performance compared to FR with the success rate of AUC values (71.3% for IOE and 69% for FR). In the IOE model which was produced after selecting the landslide factors, the success rate showed an increment from 71.3% to 74.5%. Similarly, the FR model also showed significant change in a success rate of 78.1% and a predictive rate of 73.5%. According to this finding, the performance and predictability of landslide susceptibility mapping methods are influenced by landslide factors. Therefore, landslide factor optimization is a critical task before landslide susceptibility mapping.

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Data Availability

On reasonable request, the corresponding author will provide the datasets used and/or analyzed during the current work.

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Acknowledgements

First, we want to express our gratitude to the almighty God for allowing us to conduct this research. This research was financed by the University of Gondar in the framework of (Landslide hazard mapping and investigation of its physical and economic impacts along the Enfrnaz to Weldiya road corridor, northwestern Ethiopia). Finally, we would like to express our gratitude to the University of Gondar for its financial support and geological equipment, as well as to the Ethiopian National Meteorological Agency and the Ethiopian Geological Survey for their valuable data.

Funding

The University of Gondar for the study’s design, data gathering, analysis, interpretation, and article preparation established the grant.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Geology, College of Natural and Computational Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia

    Azemeraw Wubalem, Belete Getahun, Alemu Mesele, Gashaw Tesfaw & Zerihun Dawit

  2. School of Civil and Hydraulic and Water Resource-Engineering, the Institution of Technology, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia

    Yohannes Hailemariam & Endalkachew Goshe

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  1. Azemeraw Wubalem
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  2. Belete Getahun
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Contributions

All of the authors contributed significantly to the work's conception or design, but the first, second, third, and fifth authors made significant contributions to data gathering or acquisition. The first author contributed the most to the data processing, interpretation, and writing the paper. The fifth author prepared the location, and geological map as well as detailed proofreading of the manuscript. The work has been substantially updated by all of the writers, and they have all given their approval for it to be published.

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Correspondence to Azemeraw Wubalem, Belete Getahun or Yohannes Hailemariam.

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Wubalem, A., Getahun, B., Hailemariam, Y. et al. Landslide Susceptibility Modeling Using the Index of Entropy and Frequency Ratio Method from Nefas-Mewcha to Weldiya Road Corridor, Northwestern Ethiopia. Geotech Geol Eng 40, 5249–5278 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10706-022-02214-6

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