Abstract
The objective of this study was to analyze the sublethal effects of propiconazole on Deuterodon iguape, a native fish common in Brazil, which has potential for aquaculture and use as a bioindicator. The hypothesis was to test whether D. iguape has a metabolism similar to Danio rerio so that its use in bioassays may be validated. Lethal concentration (LC50) and metabolic rates were studied in fish exposed to propiconazole. Specific oxygen consumption and ammonia excretion for D. iguape and D. rerio increased by 0.01 µg L−1 and then decreased as the propiconazole concentration increased. The decrease in the averages of specific oxygen consumption at the concentration of 0.1 µg L−1 represented a reduction in the metabolic rate compared to the control of 71% for D. iguape and 40% D. rerio. For the ammonia excretion, at the same concentration, there was a reduction of 68.7% and 45.4% for D. iguape and D. rerio, respectively. When comparing ammonia excretion of the two species for each concentration of propiconazole, there was a significant difference (p < 0.05) in relation to the control and for the highest concentration (0.1 µg L−1). As for specific oxygen consumption, there was a statistically significant difference only for the concentration of 0.1 µg L−1. D. iguape proved to be a good and useful bioindicator for ichthyologists or ecologists in studies of moderate pesticide contamination in freshwater aquatic environments, as its metabolic response was similar to D. rerio.
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Data availability
The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
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This study was financially supported by the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)—São Paulo Research Foundation (process 2018/19747–2) and the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq, Brazil, for the productivity research grant, process no. 302705/2020–1).
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MBH analyzed and interpreted data, was a major contributor in writing the manuscript, and was the author who submitted the manuscript. KFOR analyzed and interpreted data and was a contributor in writing the manuscript. LCB performed the statistical analysis and was a contributor in writing the manuscript. EB analyzed and interpreted data and was an important contributor in writing the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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This study followed the ethical principles for animal experimentation adopted by the Brazilian School of Animal Experimentation (COBEA) and received authorization (no.14/2018) from the Ethics Committee on Animal Experimentation of the Fisheries Institute, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Henriques, M.B., Rezende, K.F.O., Castilho-Barros, L. et al. Sublethal effects of propiconazole on the metabolism of lambari Deuterodon iguape (Eigenmann 1907), a native species from Brazil. Fish Physiol Biochem 47, 1165–1177 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-021-00968-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-021-00968-z