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Assessment of water quality and hydrogeochemical processes of Salda alkaline lake (Burdur, Turkey)

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Abstract

Salda Lake is one of the rare alkaline lakes in the world. In this study, the major and trace element contents of the Salda Lake water were analysed in two periods. Lake water samples were taken at the surface, at 10 m and 20 m depths. The pH and EC values of the lake water varied from 9.08 to 9.34 and from 1690 to 2124 μS/cm, respectively. The dominant water type of the lake water was Mg–CO3–HCO3. The high Mg content in the lake water originated from the weathering of ultramafic rocks which were located in the lake basin. All of the Ca, Cl and SO4 contents were high in surface samples in the dry period. The CO3 and HCO3 contents of the lake water did not show a change with depth and were constant in the wet period. The Mg, Na and K contents of the lake water increased depending on the depth in both periods, while CO3 and HCO3 contents showed depth-dependent increases only in the dry period. Weathering processes and anthropogenic inputs are the largest dissolution mechanisms that control the chemical structure of the lake water. The Salda Lake water is generally classified as class I in terms of T, DO, oxygen saturation, NH4 and NO2 parameters according to the SWQR and USEPA regulations. But, the water is in classes II, III, IV and V with respect to pH, EC, NO3, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), oxygen saturation, As and Cr in the different periods. The increase in the As and Cr concentrations is geogenic in origin and is related to the lithological units that interact with the bottom and surroundings of the lake.

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Funding

This study has been supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) with project no.: 114Y084.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Geology Engineering, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey

    Aysen Davraz, Sehnaz Sener & Fatma Aksever

  2. Water Institute, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey

    Simge Varol & Bülent Kırkan

  3. Remote Sensing Centre, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey

    Erhan Sener

  4. Department of Geography, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey

    Ahmet Tokgözlü

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  1. Aysen Davraz
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  2. Simge Varol
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Davraz, A., Varol, S., Sener, E. et al. Assessment of water quality and hydrogeochemical processes of Salda alkaline lake (Burdur, Turkey). Environ Monit Assess 191, 701 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-019-7889-y

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