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Scaffolds and cells for tissue regeneration: different scaffold pore sizes—different cell effects

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Abstract

During the last decade biomaterial sciences and tissue engineering have become new scientific fields supplying rising demand of regenerative therapy. Tissue engineering requires consolidation of a broad knowledge of cell biology and modern biotechnology investigating biocompatibility of materials and their application for the reconstruction of damaged organs and tissues. Stem cell-based tissue regeneration started from the direct cell transplantation into damaged tissues or blood vessels. However, it is difficult to track transplanted cells and keep them in one particular place of diseased organ. Recently, new technologies such as cultivation of stem cell on the scaffolds and subsequently their implantation into injured tissue have been extensively developed. Successful tissue regeneration requires scaffolds with particular mechanical stability or biodegradability, appropriate size, surface roughness and porosity to provide a suitable microenvironment for the sufficient cell–cell interaction, cell migration, proliferation and differentiation. Further functioning of implanted cells highly depends on the scaffold pore sizes that play an essential role in nutrient and oxygen diffusion and waste removal. In addition, pore sizes strongly influence cell adhesion, cell–cell interaction and cell transmigration across the membrane depending on the various purposes of tissue regeneration. Therefore, this review will highlight contemporary tendencies in application of non-degradable scaffolds and stem cells in regenerative medicine with a particular focus on the pore sizes significantly affecting final recover of diseased organs.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by EU project „Biocardiostim“ (No. VP1-3.1-ŠMM-10-V-02-029).

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Zygimantu 9, 01102, Vilnius, Lithuania

    Ieva Bružauskaitė, Edvardas Bagdonas & Eiva Bernotienė

  2. Department of Stem Cell Biology, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Zygimantu 9, 01102, Vilnius, Lithuania

    Daiva Bironaitė

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  1. Ieva Bružauskaitė
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  2. Daiva Bironaitė
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  3. Edvardas Bagdonas
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  4. Eiva Bernotienė
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Correspondence to Daiva Bironaitė.

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Bružauskaitė, I., Bironaitė, D., Bagdonas, E. et al. Scaffolds and cells for tissue regeneration: different scaffold pore sizes—different cell effects. Cytotechnology 68, 355–369 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10616-015-9895-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10616-015-9895-4

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