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Deposition of silver nanoparticles on cellulosic fibers via stabilization of carboxymethyl groups

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Abstract

The stabilizing role of carboxymethyl groups on the conformal deposition of Ag NPs over cellulosic fibers was elucidated while developing a method for the deposition of silver nanoparticles (NPs) on cellulose acetate (CA), cellulose and partially carboxymethylated cellulose (CMC) electrospun fibers. CMC fibers were prepared through judicious anionization of deacetylated cellulose acetate fibers. Ag NPs were chemically reduced from silver nitrate using sodium borohydride and further stabilized using citrate. Ag NPs were directly deposited onto CA, cellulose and CMC electrospun fibers at pH conditions ranging from 2.5 to 9.0. The resulting composites of Ag/fiber were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The results revealed that the amount of Ag agglomerates and NPs deposited on CMC fibers was higher than that deposited on cellulose fibers at similar pH conditions, and that barely any Ag agglomerates or NPs were deposited on the CA fibers. These results implied that functional groups on the cellulose backbone played two important roles in the deposition of NPs as follows: (1) Hydrogen bonding was the main driving force for agglomeration of NPs when the medium pH was below 4.4, which corresponds to the pKa of carboxylic acid groups; (2) Carboxymethyl groups could replace citrate groups as stabilizers allowing the fabrication of a uniform and evenly distributed Ag NPs layer over CMC fibers at higher pH values. This report also highlights the importance of the substrate’s surface charge and that of the pH of the medium used, on the deposition of NPs. The composite of Ag NPs on CMC electrospun fibers appears to be a promising candidate for wound dressing applications due to its superior antibacterial properties originated by the uniform and even distribution of Ag NPs on the surface of the fibers and the wound healing aptness of the CMC fibers.

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Acknowledgments

This work was done in Cornell University and we acknowledge the US Department of Agriculture for partially funding this work under projects NRI-NCZ09462 and CRIS-Hatch NYC-329433. We would like to thank Mr. John Hunt, Malcolm Thomas and Yuanming Zhang (CCMR, Cornell University) for their assistance with FESEM, TEM imaging and EDX analysis. This work made use of the electron microscopy facility of the Cornell Center for Materials Research (CCMR) with support from the National Science Foundation Materials Research Science and Engineering Centers (MRSEC) program (DMR 0520404). Junlong Song is also grateful for the support of Talents Foundation of Nanjing Forestry University (163105003), Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (Grant No. 20103204120005), and the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China

    Junlong Song

  2. Department of Fiber Science and Apparel Design, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853-4401, USA

    Junlong Song, Naomi L. Birbach & Juan P. Hinestroza

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  1. Junlong Song
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  2. Naomi L. Birbach
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  3. Juan P. Hinestroza
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Correspondence to Junlong Song.

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Song, J., Birbach, N.L. & Hinestroza, J.P. Deposition of silver nanoparticles on cellulosic fibers via stabilization of carboxymethyl groups. Cellulose 19, 411–424 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-011-9647-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-011-9647-3

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