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Design considerations in the use of interdigitated microsensor electrode arrays (IMEs) for impedimetric characterization of biomimetic hydrogels

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Abstract

Microlithographically fabricated interdigitated microsensor electrodes (IMEs) were cleaned, surface activated, chemically functionalized (amine) and derivatized with an Acrloyl-PEG-NHS to receive a spun-applied monomer cocktail of UV polymerizable monomer. IMEs were 2050.5, 1550.5, 1050.5 and 0550.5 possessing lines and spaces that were 20, 15, 10, and 5 μm respectively; 5 mm line lengths and were 50 lines on each opposing bus. Bioactive hydrogels were synthesized from spun-applied and UV-crosslinked tetraethyleneglycol diacrylate (TEGDA) (crosslinker), 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate (HEMA), polyethyleneglycol(200) monomethacrylate (PEGMA), N-[tris(hydroxymethyl)methyl]-acrylamide (HMMA) and poly(HEMA) (MW 60,000) (viscosity modifier) and 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone (DMPA) (photoinitiator) to produce a 5 μm thick p(HEMA-co-PEGMA-co-HMMA) hydrogel membrane on the IMEs. Unmodified and hydrogel coated IMEs where characterized by AC electrical impedance spectroscopy using 50 mV p-t-p over the frequency range from 10 Hz to 100 kHz in aqueous PBS 7.4 buffer and in buffer containing 50 mM [Fe(CN)6]3-/4− solution at RT. Impedimetric responses were found to scale with the device geometric parameters. Equivalent circuit modeling revealed deviations from ideality at lower device dimensions suggesting an implication of the substrate surface charge on the double layer capacitance of the electrodes. Diffusion coefficients derived from the Warburg component are in accord with literature values.

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Acknowledgements

L. Yang acknowledges support from NC BIOIMPACT initiative and the Gold Leaf foundation. A Guiseppi-Wilson acknowledges the support of ABTECH Scientific, Inc. and A. Guiseppi-Elie acknowledges support from the US Department of Defense (DoDPRMRP) grant PR023081/DAMD17-03-1-0172 and the Consortium of the Clemson University Center for Bioelectronics, Biosensors and Biochips (C3B).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Biomanufacturing Research Institute and Technology Enterprises (BRITE) and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, 1801 Fayetteville Street, Durham, NC, 27707, USA

    Liju Yang

  2. ABTECH Scientific, Inc, 800 East Leigh Street, Richmond, VA, 29621, USA

    Adilah Guiseppi-Wilson & Anthony Guiseppi-Elie

  3. Center for Bioelectronics, Biosensors and Biochips (C3B), Clemson University, 100 Technology Drive, Anderson, SC, 29625, USA

    Anthony Guiseppi-Elie

  4. Departments of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Bioengineering and Electrical and Computer Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA

    Anthony Guiseppi-Elie

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  1. Liju Yang
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Correspondence to Anthony Guiseppi-Elie.

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Yang, L., Guiseppi-Wilson, A. & Guiseppi-Elie, A. Design considerations in the use of interdigitated microsensor electrode arrays (IMEs) for impedimetric characterization of biomimetic hydrogels. Biomed Microdevices 13, 279–289 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10544-010-9492-4

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