Abstract
The study was conducted to investigate the physiological effects of exogenous NO on potherb mustard (Brassica juncea Coss.) seedlings under salt stress. The plants were grown in Hogland nutrient solution for 15 d and treated with 150 mM NaCl, NO donor sodium nitropruside (SNP) and NO scavenger methylene blue (MB-1) for 4 d. The NaCl stress increased superoxide dismutase, peroxidase and ascorbate peroxidase activities and malondialdehyde (MDA) and free proline contents, and decreased soluble protein content. However, the application of exogenous NO limited the production of MDA and free proline, while markedly promoted SOD, POD and APX activity.
Abbreviations
- APX:
-
ascorbate peroxidase
- MB-1:
-
methylene blue
- MDA:
-
malondialdehyde
- POD:
-
peroxidase
- PTIO:
-
2-(4-carboxyphenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimid-azoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide
- SOD:
-
superoxide dismutase
- SNS:
-
sodium nitropruside
References
Abat, J.K., Saigal, P., Deswal, R.: S-Nitrosylation — another biological switch like phosphorylation? — Physiol. mol. Biol. Plants 14: 119–130, 2008.
Aghaleh, M., Niknam, V., Ebrahimzadeh, H., Razavi K.: Salt stress effects on growth, pigments, proteins and lipid peroxidation in Salicornia persica and S. europaea. — Biol. Plant. 53: 243–248, 2009.
Allen, R.G., Tresini, M.: Oxidative stress and gene regulation. — Free. Radicals Biol. Med. 28: 463–499, 2000.
Amini, F., Ehsanpour, A.A., Hoang, Q.T., Shin, J.S.: Protein pattern changes in tomato under in vitro salt stress. — Russ. J. Plant. Physiol. 54: 464–471, 2007.
Arora, N., Bhardwaj, R., Sharma, P., Arora, H.K.: Effects of 28-homobrassinolide on growth, lipid peroxidation and antioxidative enzyme activities in seedlings of Zea mays L. under salinity stress. — Acta. Physiol. Plant. 30: 833–839, 2008.
Bailly, C., Benamar, A., Corbineau, F., Dôme, D.: Changes in malondialdehyde content and in superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione reductase activities in sunflower seed as related to deterioration during accelerated aging. — Physiol. Plant. 97: 104–110, 1996.
Banu, M.N.A., Hoque, M.A., Watanabe-Sugimoto, M., Matsuoka, K., Nakamura, Y., Shimoishi, Y.: Proline and glycinebetaine induce antioxidant defense gene expression and suppress cell death in cultured tobacco cells under salt stress. — Plant Physiol. 166: 146–156, 2009.
Bates, L.S., Waldren, R.P., Teare, I.D.: Rapid determination of free proline for water-stress studies. — Plant. Soil 39: 205–207, 1973.
Bayer, W.F., Fridovich, J.L.: Assaying for superoxide dismutase activity: some large consequences of minor changes in conditions. — Anal. Biochem. 161: 559–566, 1987.
Bradford, M.M.: A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. — Anal. Biochem. 72: 248–254, 1976.
Garg, N., Singla, R.: Variability in the response of chickpea cultivars to short-term salinity, in terms of water retention capacity, membrane permeability, and osmo-protection. — Turk. J. Agr. Forest. 33: 57–63, 2009.
Guo, B., Liang, Y., Zhu, Y.: Does salicylic acid regulate antioxidant defense system, cell death, cadmium uptake and partitioning to acquire cadmium tolerance in rice? — J. Plant. Physiol. 166: 20–31, 2009.
Hasegawa, P.M., Bressan, R.A.: Plant cellular and molecular responses to high salinity. — Annu. Rev. Plant. Physiol. Plant. mol. Biol. 51: 463–499, 2000.
Heath, R.L., Packer, L.: Photoperoxidation in isolated chloroplasts. I. Kinetics and stoichiometry of fatty acid peroxidation. — Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 125: 189–198, 1968.
Hichem, H., Mounir, D., Naceur, E.A.: Differential responses of two maize (Zea mays.) varieties to salt stress: changes on polyphenols composition of foliage andoxidative damages. — Indian Crops Prod. 30: 1–8, 2009.
Hoque, M.A., Okuma, E., Banu, M.N.A., Nakamura, Y., Shimoishi, Y., Murata, Y.: Exogenous proline mitigates the detrimental effects of salt stress more than exogenous betaine by increasing antioxidant enzyme activities. — J. Plant Physiol. 164: 553–561, 2007.
Islam, M.M., Hoque, M.A., Okuma, E., Banu, M.N.A., Shimoishi, Y., Nakamura, Y., Murata, Y.: Exogenous proline and glycinebetaine increase antioxidant enzyme activities and confer tolerance to cadmium stress in cultured tobacco cells. — J. Plant. Physiol. 166: 1–11, 2009.
Kabir, M.E., Karim, M.A., Azad, M.A.K.: Effect of potassium on salinity tolerance of mungbean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek). — J. biol. Sci. 4: 103–110, 2004.
López-Carrión, A.I., Castellano, R., Rosales, M.A., Ruiz, J.M., Romero, L.: Role of nitric oxide under saline stress: implications on proline metabolism. — Biol. Plant. 52: 587–591, 2008.
Mutlu, S., Atici, Ö., Nalbantoglu, B.: Effects of salicylic acid and salinity on apoplastic antioxidant enzymes in two wheat cultivars differing in salt tolerance. — Biol. Plant. 53: 334–338, 2009.
Nandwal, A.S., Kumar, B., Sharma, S.K.: Nodule functioning in trifoliate and pentafoliate mungbean genotypes as influenced by salinity. — Biol. Plant. 43: 459–462, 2000.
Noriega, G.O., Yannarelli, G.G., Balestrasse, K.B., Batlle, A., Tomaro, M.L.: The effect of nitric oxide on heme oxygenase gene expression in soybean leaves. — Planta 226: 1155–1163, 2007.
Pütter, J.: Peroxidases. — In: Bergmeyer, H.U. (ed.): Methods of Enzymatic Analysis. Pp. 685–690. Academic Press, New York 1974.
Qian, H.F., Chen, W., Li, J.J., Wang, J., Zhou, Z., Liu, W. P., Fu, Z.W.: The effect of exogenous nitric oxide on alleviating herbicide damage in Chlorella vulgaris. — Aquat. Toxicol. 92: 250–257, 2009.
Reddy, A.R., Chaitanya, K.V., Vivekanandan, M.: Drought- induced responses of photosynthesis and antioxidant metabolism in higher plants. — J. Plant. Physiol. 161: 1189–1202, 2004.
Ruan, H., Shen, W., Ye, M., Xu, L.: Protective effects of nitric oxide on salt stress-induced oxidative damage to wheat (Triticum aestivum) leaves. — Chin. Sci. Bull. 47: 677–681, 2002.
Sairam, R.K., Saxena, D.C.: Oxidative stress and antioxidants in wheat genotypes: possible mechanism of water stress tolerance. — J. Agron. Crop. Sci. 184: 55–61, 2002.
Sheokand, S., Kumari, A., Sawhney, V.: Effect of nitric oxide and putrescine on antioxidative responses under NaCl stress in chickpea plants. — Physiol. mol. Biol. Plants 14: 355–362, 2008.
Tian, X., Lei, Y.: Nitric oxide treatment alleviates drought stress in wheat seedlings. — Biol. Plant. 50: 775–778, 2006.
Whetherley, P.E.: Studies in water relations of cotton plants I. The field measurement of water deficit in leaves. — New Phytol. 49: 81–87, 1950.
Xie, Y.J., Lin, T.F., Han, Y., Liu, K., Zheng, Q., Huang, L., Yuan, X., He, Z., Hu, B., Fang, L., Shen, Z., Yang, Q., Shen, W.: Carbon monoxide enhances salt tolerance by nitric oxide-mediated maintenance of ion homeostasis and up-regulation of antioxidant defense in wheat seedling roots. — Plant Cell Environ. 31: 1864–1881, 2008.
Zhang, C.F., Hu, J., Lou, J., Zhang, Y., Hu, W.M.: Sand priming in relation to physiological changes in seed germination and seedling growth of waxy maize under high salt stress. — Seed. Sci. Technol. 35: 733–738, 2007.
Zhang, L.G., Zhou, S., Xuan, Y., Sun, M., Zhao, L.Q.: Protective effect of nitric oxide against oxidative damage in Arabidopsis leaves under ultraviolet-B irradiation. — J. Plant. Biol. 52: 135–140, 2009.
Acknowledgements
This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of Hubei province (Grant No. 2008CDB087), Chinese National Basic Research and Development Program (2006CB101607), 863-Hi-techresearch and Development Program of China (2006AA10Z1E4).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Zeng, C.L., Liu, L., Wang, B.R. et al. Physiological effects of exogenous nitric oxide on Brassica juncea seedlings under NaCl stress. Biol Plant 55, 345–348 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10535-011-0051-5
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10535-011-0051-5