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Synseed conception for short-term storage, germplasm exchange and potentialities of regeneration genetically stable plantlets of desert date tree (Balanites aegyptiaca Del.)

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Abstract

Synthetic seed has become a proficient tool that facilitates conservation as well as mass propagation of elite plant species by encapsulating somatic embryo or meristem tissue. Inclusion of meristematic tissues instead of somatic embryos hastens widespread utilization of this technology in recent years. Synseeds offer short term conservation of germplasms, provide readily available tissue source for easy mass propagation where each synseeds can virtually act as zygotic seeds giving rise to plantlets. This is the first report on synseed production following the confirmation of the genetic homogeneity in regenerated plantlets of Balanites aegyptiaca Del. (L.) using ISSR marker system. In this study, nodal segments, excised from in vitro proliferated shoot cultures developed from mother plant, were encapsulated in calcium alginate beads and the finest gel complexation was achieved using 3 % sodium alginate and 100 mM CaCl2·2H2O. Maximum percent response (80 %) for conversion of encapsulated nodal segments into plantlets was obtained on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 12.5 μM benzyladenine and 1.0 μM α-naphthalene acetic acid. Encapsulated nodal segments could be stored at low temperature (4 °C) up to 4 weeks with a survival frequency of 82 %. The regenerated shoots were rooted on half strength MS medium augmented with 1.0 μM indole-3-butyric acid. Well-developed plantlets regenerated from encapsulated nodal segments were acclimatized successfully with 90 % survival frequency. Fingerprinting profiles of the regenerated plantlets derived from synseeds and the donor plant were generated using a total of 20 ISSR primers, of which 14 primers produced distinct, reproducible amplified products. A total of 158 scorable bands were obtained from the complete amalgamation of primers and plantlets and 98.7 % bands were monomorphic across the plantlets which indicate that this micropropagated line derived from synseed is genetically stable and demonstrates the reliability of our protocol for short term conservation, germplasm exchange and distribution of identical plants.

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Abbreviations

2-iP:

2-Isopentenyl adenine

BA:

6-Benzyladenine

IBA:

Indole-3-butyric acid

ISSR:

Inter-simple sequence repeat

Kn:

Kinetin

MS:

Murashige and Skoog medium

NAA:

α-Naphthalene acetic acid

TDZ:

Thidiazuron

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Acknowledgments

Research support from the Department of Science and Technology (Govt. of India) New Delhi under the DST-FIST (2011) and UGC-SAP (2009) Programmes are duly acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202 002, India

    Ankita Varshney & Mohammad Anis

  2. Department of Plant Production, College of Food & Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia

    Mohammad Anis

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  1. Ankita Varshney
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  2. Mohammad Anis
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Correspondence to Ankita Varshney.

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Varshney, A., Anis, M. Synseed conception for short-term storage, germplasm exchange and potentialities of regeneration genetically stable plantlets of desert date tree (Balanites aegyptiaca Del.). Agroforest Syst 88, 321–329 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-014-9685-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-014-9685-6

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