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Cardiac Flow Analysis Applied to Phase Contrast Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Heart

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Abstract

Phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging is performed to produce flow fields of blood in the heart. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the state of change in swirling blood flow within cardiac chambers and to quantify it for clinical analysis. Velocity fields based on the projection of the three dimensional blood flow onto multiple planes are scanned. The flow patterns can be illustrated using streamlines and vector plots to show the blood dynamical behavior at every cardiac phase. Large-scale vortices can be observed in the heart chambers, and we have developed a technique for characterizing their locations and strength. From our results, we are able to acquire an indication of the changes in blood swirls over one cardiac cycle by using temporal vorticity fields of the cardiac flow. This can improve our understanding of blood dynamics within the heart that may have implications in blood circulation efficiency. The results presented in this paper can establish a set of reference data to compare with unusual flow patterns due to cardiac abnormalities. The calibration of other flow-imaging modalities can also be achieved using this well-established velocity-encoding standard.

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Acknowledgment

The authors thank the Royal Adelaide Hospital for the supply of magnetic resonance images, and to Payman Molaee for his assistance in scanning the subject used in this research. Special thanks are also extended to Fangli Xiong from Nanyang Technological University (Singapore) and the reviewers of this paper. Their comments and suggestions, which have made the paper more meaningful and interesting, are gratefully acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Biomedical Engineering and School of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia

    Kelvin K. L. Wong, Jagannath Mazumdar & Derek Abbott

  2. School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia

    Richard M. Kelso

  3. Cardiovascular Research Centre and School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia

    Kelvin K. L. Wong, Stephen G. Worthley & Prashanthan Sanders

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  1. Kelvin K. L. Wong
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Correspondence to Kelvin K. L. Wong.

Additional information

Medical image processing software named Medflovan, which is developed by Kelvin K. L. Wong, is used to produce the results displayed in this paper. The research-based version of this software system is utilized to provide cardiac flow visualization and analysis effectively.

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Wong, K.K.L., Kelso, R.M., Worthley, S.G. et al. Cardiac Flow Analysis Applied to Phase Contrast Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Heart. Ann Biomed Eng 37, 1495–1515 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-009-9709-y

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