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Acetic Acid Alleviates Salinity Damage and Improves Fruit Yield in Strawberry by Mediating Hormones and Antioxidant Activity

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Abstract

Salinity in soil and irrigation water is a common phenomenon potentially reducing strawberry growth and yield in greenhouse and field conditions. Acetic acid (AA) was reported to improve abiotic stress tolerance in some plants. Its role in the strawberry under salinity stress remains unexplored. A greenhouse hydroponic experiment was carried out. Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch. cv. Paros) plants were potted in 3 kg plastic pots filled with a mixture of cocopeat/perlite (1:1 v/v). In the current study the influence of AA (1 and 2 mM) supplementation under salinity (40 mM NaCl) on plant growth, yield and hormone contents was evaluated. Salinity decreased plant biomass production compared to the control. Application of AA (2 mM) tended to increase (2%) leaf fresh weight, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) enzyme activity compared to control under salinity. Salinity also decreased fruit yield by 66%, was considerably reverted by AA treatment and this reduction reached 49% in 40 mM NaCl +1 mM acetic acid (AAS) treatment. Exogenous AA (1 mM) treated plants suffered less decrease plant biomass due to the enhancement of endogenous hormonal content in strawberry plants. Concentrations of abscisic acid (ABA), gibberellin (GA), salicylic acid (SA) and cytokinin (CK) were determined using HPLC mass spectrometry. ABA was found to be 70% increased in non-treated plants under saline condition, but this increase was 21% in AAS treatment. Under saline condition, CK content was affected by AA and increased in both AAS and in 40 mM NaCl +2 mM AA (AaS) treatments. During salinity stress condition, GA contents was increased in both AAS and AaS treatments compared to salinity stress alone. SA contents increased in AaS treatment, confirming its role in salinity tolerance. Collectively, our study suggested that exogenous AA could accelerate salinity resistance by enhancing some antioxidant enzyme activity and hormonal contents in strawberry plants.

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Acknowledgements

This project was made possible through a Ph.D. position at Shiraz University (Zahra Mirfattahi). The authors are truly grateful to Shiraz University for covering experimental costs and providing the laboratory facilities.

Funding

This project was made possible through a Ph.D. position at Shiraz University (Zahra Mirfattahi).

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  1. Department of Horticultural Science, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran

    Saeid Eshghi

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  1. Zahra Mirfattahi
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Correspondence to Saeid Eshghi.

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Conflict of interest

Z. Mirfattahi and S. Eshghi declare that they have no competing interests.

Ethical standards

This study was approved by Shiraz University research ethics committee. Informed Consent: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Mirfattahi, Z., Eshghi, S. Acetic Acid Alleviates Salinity Damage and Improves Fruit Yield in Strawberry by Mediating Hormones and Antioxidant Activity. Erwerbs-Obstbau 65, 1403–1412 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10341-023-00840-9

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