Abstract
Abatement of emissions of greenhouse gases such as methane and carbon dioxide is crucial to reduce global warming. For that, dry reforming of methane allows to convert methane and carbon dioxide into useful synthesis gas, named ‘syngas’, a gas mixture rich in hydrogen and carbon monoxide. However, this process requires high temperatures of about 900 °C to activate methane and carbon dioxide because dry reforming of methane reaction is highly endothermic. Therefore, a solid catalyst with appropriate thermal properties is needed for the reaction. As a consequence, efficient heating of the reactor is required to control heat transfer and optimize energy consumption. Microwave-assisted dry reforming of methane thus appears as a promising alternative to conventional heating. Here we review the recent research on microwave-assisted dry reforming of methane. We present thermodynamical aspects of the dry reforming of methane, and basics of microwave heating and apparatus. We analyse reformers that use microwave heating. Catalysts used in a microwave-assisted reformer are presented and compared with reactors using conventional heating. Finally, the energy balance is discussed.
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Reprinted by permission from Springer Nature (Pham Minh et al. 2020), Copyright 2020
Reprinted from Estel et al. (2017), Copyright (2017) with permission from Elsevier
Reprinted by permission from Horikoshi et al. (2018), Copyright (2018) Springer Nature
Reprinted by permission from Horikoshi et al. (2018), Copyright (2018) Springer Nature
Reprinted with permission from Gangurde et al. (2017), Copyright (2017) American Chemical Society
Reprinted from Fidalgo et al. (2008), Copyright (2008), with permission from Elsevier
Adapted from (Julian et al. 2019)
Reprinted with permission from (Nguyen et al. 2019), Copyright (2019) John Wiley and Sons
Reprinted from (Fidalgo et al. 2010), Copyright (2010), with permission from Elsevier
Reprinted from Odedairo et al. (2016), Copyright (2015), with permission from Elsevier
Reprinted from Odedairo et al. (2016), Copyright (2015), with permission from Elsevier
Reprinted from Odedairo et al. (2016), Copyright (2015), with permission from Elsevier
Reprinted from Li et al. (2016), Copyright (2016), with permission from Elsevier
Reprinted from Li et al. (2016), Copyright (2016), with permission from Elsevier
Adapted from Hamzehlouia et al. (2018)
(Source: Scopus®)
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Abbreviations
- BMR:
-
Bi-reforming of methane
- btoe:
-
Billion tonnes oil equivalent
- CNTs-HPCFs:
-
Carbon nanotubes-hollow porous carbon fibres
- CQ:
-
Metallurgical coke
- C/MR:
-
Catalyst and microwave receptor
- DRM:
-
Dry reforming of methane
- eFe:
-
Steel-making slag
- FTIR:
-
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
- IEA:
-
International energy agency
- Microwave-assisted DRM:
-
Microwave-assisted dry reforming of methane
- MAE:
-
Microwave-assisted extraction
- MPO:
-
Methane partial oxidation
- MWCNT:
-
Multi-walled carbon nanotubes
- MWH:
-
Microwave heating
- M/GR:
-
MWCNT/layered graphene composite
- M/CSCNT:
-
MWCNT/cup-stacked CNT composite
- OMR:
-
Oxy-CO2 methane reforming
- PSA:
-
Pressure swing adsorption
- PTO:
-
Lead titanate
- PZT:
-
Ferroelectric lead zirconate titanate
- SEM:
-
Scanning electron microscopy
- SMR:
-
Steam methane reforming
- TEM:
-
Transmission electron microscopy
- VHSV:
-
Volume hourly space velocity
- WGSR:
-
Water–gas-shift reaction
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Acknowledgements
A part of this work is funded by Vietnam National Foundation for Science and Technology Development (NAFOSTED) under Grant Number “104.05-2019.344” for the project entitled “Syngas generation from bi-reforming of biomass-derived feedstocks using microwave-enhanced reactor”. A part of this work was financially supported by The Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) for Grant-Aid for Challenging Research (Pioneering) (17H06225). The authors are also grateful to the Cooperative Research Program of Network Joint Research Center for Materials and Devices that has been supported by Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology (MEXT), Japan.
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Pham, T., Ro, K.S., Chen, L. et al. Microwave-assisted dry reforming of methane for syngas production: a review. Environ Chem Lett 18, 1987–2019 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-020-01055-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-020-01055-0