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Carbon source utilization and inhibitor tolerance of 45 oleaginous yeast species

  • Bioenergy/Biofuels/Biochemicals
  • Published:
Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology

Abstract

Conversion of lignocellulosic hydrolysates to lipids using oleaginous (high lipid) yeasts requires alignment of the hydrolysate composition with the characteristics of the yeast strain, including ability to utilize certain nutrients, ability to grow independently of costly nutrients such as vitamins, and ability to tolerate inhibitors. Some combination of these characteristics may be present in wild strains. In this study, 48 oleaginous yeast strains belonging to 45 species were tested for ability to utilize carbon sources associated with lignocellulosic hydrolysates, tolerate inhibitors, and grow in medium without supplemented vitamins. Some well-studied oleaginous yeast species, as well as some that have not been frequently utilized in research or industrial production, emerged as promising candidates for industrial use due to ability to utilize many carbon sources, including Cryptococcus aureus, Cryptococcus laurentii, Hannaella aff. zeae, Tremella encephala, and Trichosporon coremiiforme. Other species excelled in inhibitor tolerance, including Candida aff. tropicalis, Cyberlindnera jadinii, Metschnikowia pulcherrima, Schwanniomyces occidentalis and Wickerhamomyces ciferrii. No yeast tested could utilize all carbon sources and tolerate all inhibitors tested. These results indicate that yeast strains should be selected based on characteristics compatible with the composition of the targeted hydrolysate. Other factors to consider include the production of valuable co-products such as carotenoids, availability of genetic tools, biosafety level, and flocculation of the yeast strain. The data generated in this study will aid in aligning yeasts with compatible hydrolysates for conversion of carbohydrates to lipids to be used for biofuels and other oleochemicals.

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Acknowledgments

Some yeasts used in this study were isolated and identified as part of a collaborative project with the Government of the Republic of Indonesia, funded by Grant Number U01TW008160 from the NIH Fogarty International Center, the NIH Office of Dietary Supplements, the National Science Foundation and the Department of Energy. This project was supported by the USDA Agricultural Food Research Initiative of the National Food and Agriculture, USDA, Grant #35621-04750. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the Fogarty International Center or the National Institutes of Health, the Office of Dietary Supplements, the National Science Foundation, the Department of Energy, or the Department of Agriculture. We appreciate the contribution of Elizabeth Widjaja, LIPI Center for Biology, Cibinong, Indonesia for identifying plant hosts of yeasts M076LWD and PLE1112RB. We appreciate the contribution of Nathan Schiff for identification of the insect host of yeast T2002RA. Eveline Tioniwar provided technical assistance. The anonymous reviewers provided valuable feedback that significantly improved the quality of the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Food Science and Technology, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA

    Irnayuli Sitepu, Tylan Selby, Ting Lin, Shirley Zhu & Kyria Boundy-Mills

  2. Forestry Research and Development Agency (FORDA), The Ministry of Forestry, Jalan Gunung Batu No. 5, Bogor, 16610, Indonesia

    Irnayuli Sitepu

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  1. Irnayuli Sitepu
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Correspondence to Kyria Boundy-Mills.

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Sitepu, I., Selby, T., Lin, T. et al. Carbon source utilization and inhibitor tolerance of 45 oleaginous yeast species. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 41, 1061–1070 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10295-014-1447-y

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