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Neuroplastic and neuropathological changes in the central nervous system of the Gray mussel Crenomytilus grayanus (Dunker) under environmental stress

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Invertebrate Neuroscience

Abstract

We studied here neuron ultrastructure, synaptic plasticity and subcellular localization of NADPH-diaphorase (NADPH-d), a cytochemical marker for nitric oxide syntase, in the pedal ganglia of the Gray mussel Crenomytilus grayanus sampled from the polluted and reference sites in Amursky Bay (Sea of Japan) at lower and higher water temperature (in the beginning and the end of August, respectively). At lower temperature, neuroplastic changes in mussel ganglia prevailed: a sharp increase in the number of cytosomes in NADPH-d-positive neurons and a sharp decrease in the number of mitochondria in both NADPH-d-positive and NADPH-d-negative neurons. At higher temperature, neurodegenerative changes prevailed: disruption of a part of NADPH-d-negative axons and interneuronal contacts, formation of concentric lamellar structures in the neuropils, and accumulation of autophagosomes in NADPH-d negative neurons. The results suggest that the stress-induced production of nitric oxide in cytosomes of mussel neurons and plasticity of gap junctions have a neuroprotective effect.

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Acknowledgments

This work was financially supported by the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (09-1-II 16-04, 09-III-A-06-194). We declare that the experiments comply with the current laws in Russian Federation, the country in which the experiments were performed.

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  1. A. V. Zhirmunsky Institute of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, 690041, Russia

    Elena P. Kotsyuba & Marina A. Vaschenko

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  1. Elena P. Kotsyuba
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  2. Marina A. Vaschenko
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Correspondence to Marina A. Vaschenko.

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Kotsyuba, E.P., Vaschenko, M.A. Neuroplastic and neuropathological changes in the central nervous system of the Gray mussel Crenomytilus grayanus (Dunker) under environmental stress. Invert Neurosci 10, 35–46 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10158-010-0103-0

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