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Molecular Detection, Quantification, and Diversity Evaluation of Microalgae

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Abstract

This study reviews the available molecular methods and new high-throughput technologies for their practical use in the molecular detection, quantification, and diversity assessment of microalgae. Molecular methods applied to other groups of organisms can be adopted for microalgal studies because they generally detect universal biomolecules, such as nucleic acids or proteins. These methods are primarily related to species detection and discrimination among various microalgae. Among current molecular methods, some molecular tools are highly valuable for small-scale detection [e.g., single-cell polymerase chain reaction (PCR), quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR), and biosensors], whereas others are more useful for large-scale, high-throughput detection [e.g., terminal restriction length polymorphism, isothermal nucleic acid sequence-based amplification, loop-mediated isothermal amplification, microarray, and next generation sequencing (NGS) techniques]. Each molecular technique has its own strengths in detecting microalgae, but they may sometimes have limitations in terms of detection of other organisms. Among current technologies, qPCR may be considered the best method for molecular quantification of microalgae. Metagenomic microalgal diversity can easily be achieved by 454 pyrosequencing rather than by the clone library method. Current NGS, third and fourth generation technologies pave the way for the high-throughput detection and quantification of microalgal diversity, and have significant potential for future use in field monitoring.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by both the Marine and Extreme Genome Research Center Program of the Ministry of Land, Transportation and Maritime Affairs, Republic of Korea, and by the National Research Foundation of Korea Grant funded by the Korean Government (MEST) (NRF-C1ABA001-2011-0018573).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Green Life Science, College of Convergence, Sangmyung University, Seoul, 110-743, South Korea

    Vinitha Ebenezer & Jang-Seu Ki

  2. Paris 6, CNRS, UMR 7621, LOMIC, Observatoire Océanologique, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 66651, Banyuls-sur-Mer, France

    Linda K. Medlin

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  1. Vinitha Ebenezer
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  2. Linda K. Medlin
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Correspondence to Jang-Seu Ki.

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Ebenezer, V., Medlin, L.K. & Ki, JS. Molecular Detection, Quantification, and Diversity Evaluation of Microalgae. Mar Biotechnol 14, 129–142 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10126-011-9427-y

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