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Biomechanical analysis of occlusal modes on the periodontal ligament while orthodontic force applied

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Abstract

Objective

The study objective was to investigate four common occlusal modes by using the finite element (FE) method and to conduct a biomechanical analysis of the periodontal ligament (PDL) and surrounding bone when orthodontic force is applied.

Materials and methods

A complete mandibular FE model including teeth and the PDL was established on the basis of cone-beam computed tomography images of an artificial mandible. In the FE model, the left and right mandibular first premolars were not modeled because both canines required distal movement. In addition, four occlusal modes were simulated: incisal clench (INC), intercuspal position (ICP), right unilateral molar clench (RMOL), and right group function (RGF). The effects of these four occlusal modes on the von Mises stress and strain of the canine PDLs and bone were analyzed.

Results

Occlusal mode strongly influenced the distribution and value of von Mises strain in the canine PDLs. The maximum von Mises strain values on the canine PDLs were 0.396, 1.811, 0.398, and 1.121 for INC, ICP, RMOL, and RGF, respectively. The four occlusal modes had smaller effects on strain distribution in the cortical bone, cancellous bone, and miniscrews.

Conclusion

Occlusal mode strongly influenced von Mises strain on the canine PDLs when orthodontic force was applied.

Clinical relevance

When an FE model is used to analyze the biomechanical behavior of orthodontic treatments, the effect of muscle forces caused by occlusion must be considered.

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Funding

This research was supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (Grant number: MOST 108-2221-E-039-004), and China Medical University, Taiwan (Grant number: CMU109-MF-117).

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Author notes

  1. Ming-Tzu Tsai and Heng-Li Huang contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hungkuang University, Taichung, 433, Taiwan

    Ming-Tzu Tsai & Kuo-Chih Su

  2. School of Dentistry, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan

    Heng-Li Huang, Lih-Jyh Fuh & Jui-Ting Hsu

  3. Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung, 413, Taiwan

    Heng-Li Huang & Jui-Ting Hsu

  4. Master Program for Biomedical Engineering, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan

    Shih-Guang Yang

  5. Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, 407, Taiwan

    Kuo-Chih Su

  6. Department of Dentistry, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, 404, Taiwan

    Lih-Jyh Fuh

  7. School of Dentistry, College of Dentistry, China Medical University, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan

    Jui-Ting Hsu

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  1. Ming-Tzu Tsai
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Correspondence to Jui-Ting Hsu.

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Tsai, MT., Huang, HL., Yang, SG. et al. Biomechanical analysis of occlusal modes on the periodontal ligament while orthodontic force applied. Clin Oral Invest 25, 5661–5670 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-021-03868-x

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