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Effects of orthodontic tooth movement on alveolar bone density

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Abstract

The object of this study was to evaluate the relationship between changes in the alveolar bone density around the teeth and the direction of tooth movement by using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). CBCT was used to measure the bone densities around six maxilla anterior teeth before and after 7 months of orthodontic treatment in eight patients. Each root was divided into three levels (cervical, intermediate, and apical) to determine whether the bone density change varied with the tooth level. Moreover, each level was divided into four regions (palatal, distal, mesial, and buccal sides). Three-dimensional computer models of the maxilla before and after orthodontic treatment were created to detect the direction of tooth movement. The percentage for all 144 samples [8 (patients) × 6 (teeth) × 3 (levels)] in which the side (palatal, distal, mesial, or buccal sides) of maximum bone density reduction (before and after orthodontic treatment) coincided with the direction of tooth movement was calculated; this was referred to as the “coincidence percentage”. The bone density around the teeth reduced by 24.3 ± 9.5%. The average coincidence percentage for the eight patients was 59.0%. The coincidence percentages for the eight patients were 62.5%, 62.5%, and 52.1% at the cervical, intermediate, and apical levels, respectively. The obtained results demonstrate that the direction of tooth movement is associated with the side of maximum bone density reduction, and that CBCT is a useful approach for evaluating bone density changes around teeth induced by orthodontic treatment.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank professors Che-Shoa Chang and Yuh-Yuan Shiau (School of Dentistry, College of Medicine, China Medical University) for their suggestions in this study. The authors wish to thank Li-Na Liao (Biostatistics Center and Department of Public Health, China Medical University) for her assistance of statistical analysis and Shang-Ran Huang (Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang-Ming University) for his assistance of software analysis.

Conflict of interest

No authors of this study have any financial and personal relationships with other people or organizations, which could result in an inappropriate influence of this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Dentistry, College of Medicine, China Medical University and Hospital, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 404, Taiwan, Republic of China

    Hsing-Wen Chang, Heng-Li Huang, Jian-Hong Yu & Jui-Ting Hsu

  2. Department of Dentistry, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan, Republic of China

    Jian-Hong Yu & Yi-Fan Wu

  3. Biostatistics Center, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan, Republic of China

    Yu-Fen Li

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  1. Hsing-Wen Chang
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  2. Heng-Li Huang
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  4. Jui-Ting Hsu
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  5. Yu-Fen Li
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jui-Ting Hsu.

Additional information

Clinical relevance

CBCT can be used to detect changes in the alveolar bone density around teeth. In addition, the maximum reduction in bone density may be predicted based on the direction of tooth movement, which may represent important information for clinicians planning treatment procedures.

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Chang, HW., Huang, HL., Yu, JH. et al. Effects of orthodontic tooth movement on alveolar bone density. Clin Oral Invest 16, 679–688 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-011-0552-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-011-0552-9

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