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Prevalence of hallux valgus and risk factors among Japanese community dwellers

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Journal of Orthopaedic Science

Abstract

Background

To investigate the prevalence and severity of radiographically detected hallux valgus (HV) as well as associated risk factors among Japanese residents of Miyagawa, a mountain village located in the center of Mie Prefecture.

Methods

The height, weight and body mass index (BMI) of 403 participants (male n = 135, female n = 268) recruited from among the residents of Miyagawa Village, Japan aged ≥65 years were measured, and baseline data, including age, sex and medical history were obtained from interviews and questionnaires. Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) was determined from radiographs of the feet and knees, and osteoporosis was determined by measuring bone mineral density. Hallux valgus, defined as angulation of the big toe at the first metatarsophalangeal joint of >20°, was classified as: mild (20°–30°), moderate (30°–40°) or severe (>40°). Risk factors for HV were calculated using multivariate logistic regression analysis that included age, sex, obesity (BMI ≥25), KOA, osteoporosis, Heberden’s nodes and low back pain as variables.

Results

The overall prevalence of definite radiographic HV was 22.8 % (184/806), and mild, moderate and severe HV was found in 66.3, 27.2 and 6.5 % of the participants, respectively. Hallux valgus was found in at least one foot in 120 (29.8 %) of the participants and the prevalence significantly differed between females with and without HV and KOA (odds ratios: 2.54 and 1.71, respectively).

Conclusions

The prevalence of definite radiographic HV was 29.8 %. Female sex and KOA were significantly associated with increased risk for radiographic HV.

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Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan

    Akinobu Nishimura, Aki Fukuda, Shigeto Nakazora, Atsumasa Uchida & Akihiro Sudo

  2. Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie, Japan

    Akinobu Nishimura & Ko Kato

  3. Department of Translational Medical Science, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie, Japan

    Tomomi Yamada

Authors
  1. Akinobu Nishimura
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  2. Ko Kato
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  3. Aki Fukuda
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  4. Shigeto Nakazora
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  5. Tomomi Yamada
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  6. Atsumasa Uchida
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  7. Akihiro Sudo
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Correspondence to Akinobu Nishimura.

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Nishimura, A., Kato, K., Fukuda, A. et al. Prevalence of hallux valgus and risk factors among Japanese community dwellers. J Orthop Sci 19, 257–262 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00776-013-0513-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00776-013-0513-z

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