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Structural karyotypic variability and polyploidy in natural populations of the South American Lathyrus nervosus Lam. (Fabaceae)

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Abstract

Knowledge of the chromosome variation in wild populations is essential to understand the pathways and restrictions of karyotype evolution in plants. The aim of this study is to conduct an intraspecific analysis of the karyotypes by fluorochrome banding and ribosomal DNA (rDNA) loci detection by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) and of the meiotic behaviour in natural populations of Lathyrus nervosus, sect. Notolathyrus. Chromosome banding showed that, despite the high constancy in the karyotype formula and in the rDNA loci among populations, there is intraspecific variation in the amount and distribution pattern of 4’,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI+) heterochromatin. However, those changes were not related to the total chromosome length of the haploid complements. This fact demonstrates that structural chromosome changes may be one of the most important mechanisms for karyotype variation among natural populations of L. nervosus. The chromosome number surveyed at the population level revealed the first case of polyploidy in South American species and the first case of uneven polyploidy of the genus. All the chromosome markers analysed indicated that the polyploids found originated by autopolyploidy. The meiotic analysis showed different chromosome abnormalities that may be generating numerical and structural changes in the sporads. The finding of unreduced gametes that are alive at anthesis suggests sexual polyploidization as the most probable mechanism involved in the origin of these 3x and 4x autopolyploid cytotypes in L. nervosus.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) and Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica, PICTO-UNNE 090.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste (UNNE-CONICET), Casilla de Correo 209, 3400, Corrientes, Argentina

    Laura Chalup, Marina Grabiele, Viviana Solís Neffa & Guillermo Seijo

  2. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales y Agrimensura (Universidad Nacional del Nordeste, UNNE), Av. Libertad 5460, 3400, Corrientes, Argentina

    Viviana Solís Neffa & Guillermo Seijo

  3. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias (Universidad Nacional del Nordeste, UNNE), Sargento Cabral 2131, 3400, Corrientes, Argentina

    Viviana Solís Neffa

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  1. Laura Chalup
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  2. Marina Grabiele
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  3. Viviana Solís Neffa
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  4. Guillermo Seijo
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Correspondence to Laura Chalup.

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Part of the L Ch Doctoral Thesis that will be presented to the Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina.

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Chalup, L., Grabiele, M., Solís Neffa, V. et al. Structural karyotypic variability and polyploidy in natural populations of the South American Lathyrus nervosus Lam. (Fabaceae). Plant Syst Evol 298, 761–773 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-011-0587-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-011-0587-z

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