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Soil CO2 flux baseline in an urban monogenetic volcanic field: the Auckland Volcanic Field, New Zealand

  • Collection: Monogenetic Volcanism
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Abstract

The Auckland Volcanic Field (AVF) is a dormant monogenetic basaltic field located in Auckland, New Zealand. Though soil gas CO2 fluxes are routinely used to monitor volcanic regions, there have been no published studies of soil CO2 flux or soil gas CO2 concentrations in the AVF to date or many other monogenetic fields worldwide. We measured soil gas CO2 fluxes and soil gas CO2 concentrations in 2010 and 2012 in varying settings, seasons, and times of day to establish a baseline soil CO2 flux and to determine the major sources of and controlling influences on Auckland's soil CO2 flux. Soil CO2 flux measurements varied from 0 to 203 g m−2 day−1, with an average of 27.1 g m−2 day−1. Higher fluxes were attributed to varying land use properties (e.g., landfill). Using a graphical statistical approach, two populations of CO2 fluxes were identified. Isotope analyses of δ13CO2 confirmed that the source of CO2 in the AVF is biogenic with no volcanic component. These data may be used to assist with eruption forecasting in the event of precursory activity in the AVF, and highlight the importance of knowing land use history when assessing soil gas CO2 fluxes in urban environments.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to Jo Hanley (Royal Society of New Zealand Primary Science Teaching Fellow), Tracy Howe, Madison Frank, Mary Anne Thompson, Jia Liu, Andrew Wheeler, and Karine Tan for field assistance. Thoughtful reviews by Deborah Bergfeld and an anonymous reviewer were most helpful in improving the manuscript. This work was carried out under the umbrella of the Determining Volcanic Risk in Auckland (DEVORA) project, which is financially supported by the Earthquake Commission and the Auckland Council.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. GNS Science, Private Bag 2000, Taupo, New Zealand

    Agnès Mazot

  2. School of Environment, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand

    Elaine R. Smid, Luitgard Schwendenmann & Jan Lindsay

  3. Departamento de Vulcanología, Instituto de Geofísica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCiudad Universitaria, 04510, México, D.F., México

    Hugo Delgado-Granados

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  1. Agnès Mazot
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  2. Elaine R. Smid
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  4. Hugo Delgado-Granados
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  5. Jan Lindsay
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Correspondence to Agnès Mazot.

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Editorial responsibility: I.E.M. Smith, Guest Editor

This paper constitutes part of a topical collection: Smith IEM, Nemeth K, and Ross P-S (eds) Monogenetic volcanism and its relevance to the evolution of volcanic fields.

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Mazot, A., Smid, E.R., Schwendenmann, L. et al. Soil CO2 flux baseline in an urban monogenetic volcanic field: the Auckland Volcanic Field, New Zealand. Bull Volcanol 75, 757 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-013-0757-7

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