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Integration of botanical and bacterial insecticide against Aedes aegypti and Anopheles stephensi

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Abstract

The present study evaluated the Orthosiphon thymiflorus leaf extract and the bacterial insecticide spinosad, testing the first to fourth instars larvae and pupae of two important vector mosquitoes, viz., Aedes aegypti, Anopheles stephensi. The fresh leaves of O. thymiflorus were washed thoroughly in tap water and shade-dried at room temperature (28 ± 2 °C) for 5 to 8 days. The air-dried materials were powdered separately using a commercial electrical blender. From the plants, 500 g powder was macerated with 1.5 L organic solvents of petroleum ether sequentially for a period of 72 h each and then filtered. The larval and pupal mortality was observed after 24 h of exposure; no mortality was observed in the control group. The first- to fourth-instar larvae and pupae of A. stephensi had values of LC50 = 309.16, 337.58, 390.42, 429.68, and 513.34 ppm, and A. aegypti had values of LC50 = 334.78, 366.45, 422.97, 467.94, and 54.02 ppm, respectively. Spinosad against the A. stephensi had values of LC50 = 384.19, 433.39, 479.17, 519.79, and 572.63 ppm, and A. aegypti had values of LC50 = 210.68, 241.20, 264.93, 283.27, and 305.85 ppm, respectively. Moreover, in combined treatment, the A. stephensi had values of LC50 = 202.36, 224.76, 250.84, 288.05, and 324.05 ppm, and A. aegypti had values of LC50 = 217.70, 246.04, 275.36, 315.29, and 353.80 ppm, respectively. Results showed that the leaf extract of O. thymiflorus and bacterial insecticide spinosad are promising as a good larvicidal and pupicidal against dengue vector, A. aegypti and malarial vector, A. stephensi. This is an ideal eco-friendly approach for the control of target species of vector control programs.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are thankful to University Grants Commission (UGC), Govt. of India, New Delhi, for providing financial support for the present work. The authors are grateful to Dr. K. Sasikala, Professor and Head, Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, for the laboratory facilities provided.

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  1. Division of Entomology, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India

    Palanisamy Mahesh Kumar, Kalimuthu Kovendan & Kadarkarai Murugan

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Mahesh Kumar, P., Kovendan, K. & Murugan, K. Integration of botanical and bacterial insecticide against Aedes aegypti and Anopheles stephensi . Parasitol Res 112, 761–771 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-012-3196-z

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