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Molecular-genetic analysis is essential for accurate classification of renal carcinoma resembling Xp11.2 translocation carcinoma

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Abstract

Xp11.2-translocation renal carcinoma (TRCC) is suspected when a renal carcinoma occurs in young patients, patients with a prior history of exposure to chemotherapy and when the neoplasm has morphological features suggestive of that entity. We retrieved 20 renal tumours (from 17,500 archival cases) of which morphology arose suspicion for TRCC. In nine cases, TFE3 translocation was confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridisation analysis. In 9 of the remaining 11 TRCC-like cases (7 male, 4 female, aged 22–84 years), material was available for further study. The morphological spectrum was diverse. Six tumours showed a mixture of cells with eosinophilic or clear cytoplasm in tubular, acinar and papillary architecture. One case was high grade with epithelioid, spindle cell and sarcomatoid areas. Another showed tubular, solid, and papillary areas and foci containing spindle cells reminiscent of mucinous tubular and spindle cell carcinoma. The third showed dyscohesive nests of large epithelioid and histiocytoid cells in a background of dense lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate. By immunohistochemistry, keratin AE1/AE3 was diffusely positive in three tumours, while CK7 strongly stained one tumour and another focally and weakly. CD10 and Pax8 were expressed by eight, AMACR and vimentin by seven, CA-IX by four and TFE3 and cathepsin K by two tumours. Of the two TFE3-positive tumours, one showed polysomy of chromosome 7 and the other of 17; they were VHL normal and diagnosed as unclassifiable RCC. Of the seven TFE3-negative tumours, three showed polysomy of 7/17 and VHL abnormality and were diagnosed as combined clear cell RCC/papillary RCC. One TFE3-negative tumour with normal 7/17 but LOH 3p (VHL abnormality) was diagnosed as clear cell RCC. One TFE3-negative tumour with polysomy 7/17 but normal VHL was diagnosed as papillary RCC, and two with normal chromosomes 7/17 and VHL gene were considered unclassifiable. As morphological features and IHC are heterogeneous, TRCC-like renal tumours can only be sub-classified accurately by multi-parameter molecular-genetic analysis.

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Acknowledgements

The study was supported by the Charles University Research Fund (project number P36), by the project by the project CZ.1.05/2.1.00/03.0076 from European Regional Development Fund and by Ministry of Health, Czech Republic—conceptual development of research organization (Faculty Hospital in Pilsen—FNPl, 00669806).

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All authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathology, BC Cancer Agency and Clinical Professor of Pathology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada

    Malcolm Hayes

  2. Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Charles University and Charles University Hospital Plzen, Alej Svobody 80, 304 60, Plzen, Czech Republic

    Kvetoslava Peckova, Petr Martinek, Ondrej Daum, Bohuslava Kokoskova, Pavla Rotterova, Kristyna Pivovarčikova, Jindrich Branzovsky, Magdalena Dubova, Pavla Vesela, Michal Michal & Ondrej Hes

  3. Department of Urology, Medical Faculty, Charles University and Charles University Hospital Plzen, Plzen, Czech Republic

    Milan Hora & Kristyna Kalusova

  4. Klinicka Patologia Presov, Presov, Slovak Republic

    Lubomir Straka

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Hayes, M., Peckova, K., Martinek, P. et al. Molecular-genetic analysis is essential for accurate classification of renal carcinoma resembling Xp11.2 translocation carcinoma. Virchows Arch 466, 313–322 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00428-014-1702-7

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