Abstract
Objective
Workplace mental health is relevant to public safety organizations due to the exposure that many public safety personnel (PSP) have to psychological trauma in the course of their daily work. While the importance of attending to PSP mental health has been established, the implementation of workplace mental health interventions is not as well understood. This scoping review describes workplace mental health interventions and their implementation in public safety organizations.
Methods
English published primary studies with any publication date up to July 3, 2020 were considered. JBI methodology and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews was followed.
Results
89 citations met inclusion criteria out of the 62,299 found. Articles and reports found were largely published within the last decade, most frequently from Western nations, and most often applied to police, followed by firefighters. The focus of interventions was commonly stress management and resilience, and a frequent implementation strategy was multi-session group training. Comprehensive quality improvement initiatives, a focus on supervisors and managers, and interventions across primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention, were infrequent.
Conclusion
Public safety organizations are frequently reporting on stress management and resilience interventions for police and firefighters, implemented through multi-session group training. A focus across a range of PSP, including paramedics, corrections officers, and emergency dispatchers, using implementation strategies beyond group training, is suggested. This area of research is currently expanding, with many studies published within the past decade; ongoing evaluation of the quality of interventions and implementation strategies is recommended.
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Availability of data and materials
Review abstracts, data collection instruments and the review database are available upon request.
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Acknowledgements
Thank you to the members of the Queen's Collaboration for Health Care Quality (QcHcQ) (a JBI Centre of Excellence) for their JBI Comprehensive Systematic Review Training in June 2020. Thank you also to Dr. Heidi Cramm of the School of Rehabilitation at Queen’s University for her consultation on this review and to health sciences librarian Sandra McKeown of the Bracken Health Sciences Library at Queen’s University for her collaboration on the search strategy. Finally, thank you to Lauren Mckinley and Kevin Wood and for their assistance early in the scoping review process.
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A salary stipend was provided to the lead author from the Queen’s University and Queen’s University Faculty Association “Fund for Scholarly Research and Creative Work and Professional Development (Adjuncts)” to support the time required to complete the scoping review.
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Edgelow, M., Scholefield, E., McPherson, M. et al. A review of workplace mental health interventions and their implementation in public safety organizations. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 95, 645–664 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00420-021-01772-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00420-021-01772-1