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Modification of cellulose by graft polymerization for use in drug delivery systems

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Abstract

Cellulose-based biodegradable polymers—as microspheres or hydrogels—are suitable for drug delivery systems. In this work, cellulose microfibers were converted to cellulose esters for subsequent graft copolymerization either by free radical or atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). For the former, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) was prepared and then modified through grafting of poly(hydroxyethyl acrylate) or polyacrylamide. ATRP was achieved by chloroacetylation of cellulose followed by graft copolymerization of hydroxyethyl acrylate or acrylamide monomers. The degree of substitution for CMC and chloroacetylated cellulose (CAC) was determined by the method described in US Pharmacopeia NF24 and by titration method, respectively. CMC, CAC, and the grafted copolymers were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, thermal gravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction, and atomic force microscopy; the latter technique clearly shows the chain growth of the synthetic polymers on the backbone surface. Furthermore, cephalexin antibiotic was loaded on the copolymers, and the resultant in vitro drug release studied in three different media (buffer solutions with pH equal to 3, 6.1, and 8).

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Acknowledgments

The authors acknowledge the financial and spiritual supports from the University of Urmia.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Urmia, Urmia, Iran

    Peyman Najafi Moghaddam, Mahsa Ensafi Avval & Amir Reza Fareghi

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  1. Peyman Najafi Moghaddam
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  2. Mahsa Ensafi Avval
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  3. Amir Reza Fareghi
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Correspondence to Peyman Najafi Moghaddam.

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Moghaddam, P.N., Avval, M.E. & Fareghi, A.R. Modification of cellulose by graft polymerization for use in drug delivery systems. Colloid Polym Sci 292, 77–84 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00396-013-3042-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00396-013-3042-6

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