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Projected changes in surface solar radiation in CMIP5 global climate models and in EURO-CORDEX regional climate models for Europe

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Abstract

The objective of the present work is to compare the projections of surface solar radiation (SSR) simulated by four regional climate models (CCLM, RCA4, WRF, ALADIN) with the respective fields of their ten driving CMIP5 global climate models. First the annual and seasonal SSR changes are examined in the regional and in the global climate models based on the RCP8.5 emission scenarios. The results show significant discrepancies between the projected SSR, the multi-model mean of RCMs indicates a decrease in SSR of −0.60 W/m2 per decade over Europe, while the multi-model mean of the associated GCMs used to drive the RCMs gives an increase in SSR of +0.39 W/m2 per decade for the period of 2006–2100 over Europe. At seasonal scale the largest differences appear in spring and summer. The different signs of SSR projected changes can be interpreted as the consequence of the different behavior of cloud cover in global and regional climate models. Cloudiness shows a significant decline in GCMs with −0.24% per decade which explains the extra income in SSR, while in case of the regional models no significant changes in cloudiness can be detected. The reduction of SSR in RCMs can be attributed to increasing atmospheric absorption in line with the increase of water vapor content. Both global and regional models overestimate SSR in absolute terms as compared to surface observations, in line with an underestimation of cloud cover. Regional models further have difficulties to adequately reproduce the observed trends in SSR over the past decades.

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Acknowledgements

The first author thanks for the Scientific Exchange Programme NMS-CH, for supporting by SCIEX postdoctoral fellowship (No. 13.155-2) and for the Young Research Grant supported by Babes-Bolyai University (No. GTC-31779/2016).The study also received support from the CEA-DSM CLLIMIX project.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Hungarian Department of Geography, Faculty of Geography, Babes-Bolyai University, Clinicilor 5-7, Cluj-Napoca, 400006, Romania

    Blanka Bartók & Zoltán Imecs

  2. Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, ETH Zurich, Universitaetstrasse 16, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland

    Martin Wild, Doris Folini, Daniel Lüthi & Christoph Schär

  3. Federal Office of Meteorology and Climatology MeteoSwiss, Operation Center 1, 8058, Zurich-Airport, Switzerland

    Sven Kotlarski

  4. Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement, IPSL, CEA/CNRS/UVSQ, Gif-sur-Yvette, France

    Robert Vautard

  5. Department of Physics, University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain

    Sonia Jerez

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  1. Blanka Bartók
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  2. Martin Wild
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  3. Doris Folini
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  4. Daniel Lüthi
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  5. Sven Kotlarski
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  6. Christoph Schär
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  7. Robert Vautard
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  9. Zoltán Imecs
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Blanka Bartók.

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Bartók, B., Wild, M., Folini, D. et al. Projected changes in surface solar radiation in CMIP5 global climate models and in EURO-CORDEX regional climate models for Europe. Clim Dyn 49, 2665–2683 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-016-3471-2

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