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Evolutionary history of Southern Ocean Odontaster sea star species (Odontasteridae; Asteroidea)

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An Erratum to this article was published on 10 May 2011

Abstract

We investigated the recent evolutionary history of demersal sea stars in the genus Odontaster throughout the Western Antarctic waters and on the South American shelf. The mitochondrial 16S ribosomal and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) genes were sequenced from adult and larval specimens. TCS parsimony network analysis and Bayesian inference were used to examine evolutionary history. Hierarchical AMOVA and mitochondrial DNA diversity statistics were also computed. Additionally, morphological characters were used. In assessing O. validus, we discovered morphological and range descriptions of Odontaster species to be inaccurate and include other Odontaster species in the Southern Ocean. We found O. meridionalis on both sides of the Antarctic circumpolar current (ACC) and Antarctic polar front (APF), whereas O. validus and O. penicillatus do not appear to have permeated these oceanographic features. Additionally, we discovered previously unrecognized species of Odontaster. Subsequent examination revealed diagnostic morphological differences in the number of spinelets on the abactinal and actinal plates. Mitochondrial characterization of Odontaster species suggests their recent history has been influenced by the APF and ACC in different ways. With the exception of O. meridionalis, Odontaster species are restricted to either side of the Drake Passage. O. validus shows genetic connectivity throughout sampled Antarctic waters.

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Acknowledgments

We gratefully acknowledge the crew and participants of the 2004 and 2006 Antarctic cruises aboard the R/V Laurence M. Gould for their help and logistical support in collection of samples for this study. We are thankful to H.W. Detrich (NSF OPP-0132032) who kindly provided specimens (via S. J. Lockhart) from South Sandwich Island, South Georgia, and Bouvet Island that were collected aboard the R/V Nathaniel Palmer (NSF OPP-0132032) during the ICEFISH 2004 cruise. Thanks are also due to S. Kim and E. Sotka who provided the Ross Sea specimens (NSF OPP-0126319). Helpful discussion and comments were provided to this manuscript by R.L. Hunter, C.L. Mah, and S.R Santos. This work was supported by National Science Foundation grants (OPP-9910164, OPP-0338087 and OPP-0338218) to K. M. H. and R. S. Scheltema. This is AU Marine Biology Program contribution #74.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, 101 Rouse Life Sciences Building, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA

    Alexis M. Janosik, Andrew R. Mahon & Kenneth M. Halanych

  2. Centre for Aquatic Conservation, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA

    Andrew R. Mahon

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  1. Alexis M. Janosik
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  2. Andrew R. Mahon
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Correspondence to Alexis M. Janosik.

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An erratum to this article can be found at http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00300-011-1007-0

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Janosik, A.M., Mahon, A.R. & Halanych, K.M. Evolutionary history of Southern Ocean Odontaster sea star species (Odontasteridae; Asteroidea). Polar Biol 34, 575–586 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-010-0916-7

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