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Cryptic mitochondrial lineages in the widespread pycnogonid Colossendeis megalonyx Hoek, 1881 from Antarctic and Subantarctic waters

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An Erratum to this article was published on 04 March 2010

Abstract

Colossendeis megalonyx Hoek, 1881 is a widespread and abundant pycnogonid in the Southern Ocean which has also been reported from the South Atlantic and South Pacific Oceans. Its strictly benthic lifestyle is expected to promote genetic differentiation among populations and ultimately facilitate speciation. On the other hand, the reported eurybathy and unknown larval stages of this species may allow Colossendeis megalonyx to maintain genetic continuity between isolated shallow-water habitats by active dispersal through the deep sea or by passive rafting on floating substrates. Thus, it remains unknown whether and to which extent geographically separated populations of Colossendeis megalonyx maintain gene flow in the Southern Ocean. We sampled 96 specimens of Colossendeis megalonyx from three stations in the Atlantic Sector of the Southern Ocean and one station from the South American continental shelf (Burdwood Bank). The genetic structure of nominal Colossendeis megalonyx as well as its phylogenetic position within the genus Colossendeis were assessed using a fragment of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene. Our data strongly support that nominal Colossendeis megalonyx consists of at least five cryptic and one pseudocryptic mitochondrial lineages, four of which appear to be geographically restricted. Two lineages occurred at locations separated by more than 1,000 km in the Antarctic, thus indicating high levels of gene flow or recent colonization. No haplotype sharing across the Polar Frontal Zone was observed. Our results strongly suggest that cryptic speciation occurred within the genus Colossendeis. The wide biogeographic distribution range of Colossendeis megalonyx and perhaps that of other Antarctic pycnogonids should therefore be regarded with caution.

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Acknowledgments

We would like to thank Franz Krapp for his help with the determination of specimens and for helpful comments on this manuscript. Hieronymus Dastych kindly provided valuable reference specimens. Claudia Arango provided us with helpful information on the biology of colossendeids. This work was supported by a grant of the Ruhr-University of Bochum (Rektoratsfonds) to FL and CM, and a NSF grant OPP-0132032 to H.W. Detrich III. This is publication number 24 from the ICEFISH Cruise of 2004.

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  1. Lehrstuhl für Evolutionsökologie und Biodiversität der Tiere, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, 44801, Germany

    Kathrin Krabbe, Florian Leese, Christoph Mayer & Ralph Tollrian

  2. Alfred-Wegener-Institut für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Postfach 12 0161, 27515, Bremerhaven, Germany

    Christoph Held

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  1. Kathrin Krabbe
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  2. Florian Leese
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Correspondence to Florian Leese.

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Kathrin Krabbe, Florian Leese contributed equally to this study.

An erratum to this article can be found at http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00300-010-0777-0

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Krabbe, K., Leese, F., Mayer, C. et al. Cryptic mitochondrial lineages in the widespread pycnogonid Colossendeis megalonyx Hoek, 1881 from Antarctic and Subantarctic waters. Polar Biol 33, 281–292 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-009-0703-5

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