Abstract
In this paper, pH sensitive superabsorbent hydrogel (Jh-g-AM-cl-NN′MBA) was designed from unexplored natural exudate of Lannea coromandelica (Houtt.) known as Jhingan gum or Odina gum or Jeol gum. The synthesized adsorbent was characterized by analytical techniques. Swelling studies carried out at different pH and temperature indicted that the hydrogel swelled maximum in alkaline and at high temperature. Batch adsorption was carried out to investigate the effect of initial dye concentration, adsorbent dosage, pH, agitation time and temperature. Adsorption data were fitted to various adsorption isotherms which were best explained by Langmuir isotherm (R2 = 0.997–0.999) with maximum adsorption capacity of 83 mg/g. The kinetic studies suggested that pseudo-second order (R2 = 0.996) well fitted the results. The feasibility of adsorption process determined thermodynamically suggested that adsorption process was endothermic and spontaneous. Moreover, the adsorbent displayed excellent regeneration capability and could be employed for dye removal upto five cycles of desorption–adsorption. The biodegradability of the adsorbent studied by soil burial method indicated that the material degraded completely in 180 days with a calculated half-life of 56 days. In sum, the synthesized adsorbent met all the desirable characters to be an excellent adsorbent.
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Acknowledgements
The authors express gratitude to Department of Chemistry, BIT Mesra for the support bestowed during the work. We deeply acknowledge the contribution of Central Instrumentation Facility at BIT Mesra for all characterization studies. One of the authors (Ch. Jamkhokai Mate) also acknowledges the support of ICAR-IINRG Namkum for providing study leave to carry out his Doctoral research work. The authors express profound gratitude to Nandkishore Thombare for his contribution in the biodegradation study.
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Mate, C.J., Mishra, S. & Srivastava, P.K. Design of pH sensitive low-cost adsorbent from the exudate of Lannea coromandelica (Houtt) for remediation of Malachite Green dye from aqueous solution. Polym. Bull. 78, 3459–3487 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00289-020-03263-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00289-020-03263-8