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Inoculum selection is crucial to ensure operational stability in anaerobic digestion

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Abstract

Anaerobic digestion is considered a key technology for the future bio-based economy. The microbial consortium carrying out the anaerobic digestion process is quite complex, and its exact role in terms of “elasticity”, i.e., the ability to rapidly adapt to changing conditions, is still unknown. In this study, the role of the initial microbial community in terms of operational stability and stress tolerance was evaluated during a 175-day experiment. Five different inocula from stable industrial anaerobic digesters were fed a mixture of waste activated sludge and glycerol. Increasing ammonium pulses were applied to evaluate stability and stress tolerance. A different response in terms of start-up and ammonium tolerance was observed among the different inocula. Methanosaetaceae were the dominant acetoclastic methanogens, yet, Methanosarcinaceae increased in abundance at elevated ammonium concentrations. A shift from a Firmicutes to a Proteobacteria dominated bacterial community was observed in failing digesters. Methane production was strongly positively correlated with Methanosaetaceae, but also with Bacteria related to Anaerolinaceae, Clostridiales, and Alphaproteobacteria. Volatile fatty acids were strongly positively correlated with Betaproteobacteria and Bacteroidetes, yet ammonium concentration only with Bacteroidetes. Overall, these results indicate the importance of inoculum selection to ensure stable operation and stress tolerance in anaerobic digestion.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the Ghent University Multidisciplinary Research Partnership (MRP) “Biotechnology for a Sustainable Economy” (01 MRA 510 W). S.G. is funded by the Special Research Fund (BOF) of the University of Ghent (Belgium). R.V.V. is supported by the Inter-University Attraction Pole (IUAP) “μ-manager” funded by the Belgian Science Policy (BELSPO, P7/25). The authors would like to thank Tim Lacoere for his assistance during the molecular work and Jan Arends, Hugo Roume, Eline Vanlancker, and Jana Wijnsouw for the useful suggestions and critically reading the manuscript. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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  1. Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Laboratory of Microbial Ecology and Technology (LabMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium

    Jo De Vrieze, Sylvia Gildemyn, Ramiro Vilchez-Vargas, Willy Verstraete & Nico Boon

  2. Microbial Interactions and Processes Research Group, Department of Medical Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Braunschweig, Germany

    Ruy Jáuregui & Dietmar H. Pieper

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  1. Jo De Vrieze
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Correspondence to Nico Boon.

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Specific details concerning the waste activated sludge characterization, experimental set-up, qPCR quality control, and biogas and VFA analyses can be found in SI, together with total VFA, TAN, and pH profiles in the reactors. A heatmap at family level, the rarefaction curves, and a detailed overview of correlations between the microbial community and the main operational conditions are also presented. (PDF 1511 kb)

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De Vrieze, J., Gildemyn, S., Vilchez-Vargas, R. et al. Inoculum selection is crucial to ensure operational stability in anaerobic digestion. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 99, 189–199 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-014-6046-3

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