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Fitness Factors in Vibrios: a Mini-review

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Abstract

Vibrios are Gram-negative curved bacilli that occur naturally in marine, estuarine, and freshwater systems. Some species include human and animal pathogens, and some vibrios are necessary for natural systems, including the carbon cycle and osmoregulation. Countless in vivo and in vitro studies have examined the interactions between vibrios and their environment, including molecules, cells, whole animals, and abiotic substrates. Many studies have characterized virulence factors, attachment factors, regulatory factors, and antimicrobial resistance factors, and most of these factors impact the organism's fitness regardless of its external environment. This review aims to identify common attributes among factors that increase fitness in various environments, regardless of whether the environment is an oyster, a rabbit, a flask of immortalized mammalian cells, or a planktonic chitin particle. This review aims to summarize findings published thus far to encapsulate some of the basic similarities among the many vibrio fitness factors and how they frame our understanding of vibrio ecology. Factors representing these similarities include hemolysins, capsular polysaccharides, flagella, proteases, attachment factors, type III secretion systems, chitin binding proteins, iron acquisition systems, and colonization factors.

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Acknowledgments

Research and preparation for this mini-review were supported by NSF grant # EF-1003943 as part of the joint NSF-NIH Ecology of Infectious Diseases program.

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  1. Department of Environmental Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA

    Crystal N. Johnson

  2. Department of Environmental Sciences, Louisiana State University, Energy, Coast, and Environment Building, Mailroom #1273, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA

    Crystal N. Johnson

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Johnson, C.N. Fitness Factors in Vibrios: a Mini-review. Microb Ecol 65, 826–851 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-012-0168-x

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