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Comparative Geochemical and Microbiological Characterization of Two Thermal Pools in the Uzon Caldera, Kamchatka, Russia

  • Environmental Microbiology
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Abstract

Arkashin Schurf (Arkashin) and Zavarzin Spring (Zavarzin), two active thermal pools in the Uzon Caldera, Kamchatka, Russia, were studied for geochemical and microbiological characterization. Arkashin, the smaller of the two pools, had broader temperature and pH ranges, and the sediments had higher concentrations of total As (4,250 mg/kg) relative to Zavarzin (48.9 mg/kg). Glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether profiles represented distinct archaeal communities in each pool and agreed well with previous studies of these pools. Although no archaeal 16S rRNA sequences were recovered from Arkashin, sequences recovered from Zavarzin were mostly representatives of the Crenarchaeota and “Korarchaeota,” and 13% of the sequences were unclassifiable. The bacterial community in Arkashin was dominated by uncultured “Bacteroidetes,” Hydrogenobaculum of the Aquificales and Variovorax of the Betaproteobacteria, and 19% of the sequences remained unclassified. These results were consistent with other studies of As-rich features. The most abundant members of the Zavarzin bacterial community included the Chloroflexi, as well as members of the classes Deltaproteobacteria and Clostridia. In addition, 24% of the sequences were unclassified and at least 5% of those represent new groups among the established Bacterial phyla. Ecological structure in each pool was inferred from taxonomic classifications and bulk stable isotope δ values of C, N, and S. Hydrogenobaculum was responsible for primary production in Arkashin. However, in Zavarzin, the carbon source appeared to be allochthonous to the identified bacterial community members. Additionally, sequences related to organisms expected to participate in N and S cycles were identified from both pools.

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Acknowledgments

Assistance was provided by C. Hagen for clone library construction, N. Etheridge for PLFA analysis and draft editing, A. Pearson for GDGT analysis, T. Maddox for stable isotope ratio analysis, and H. McLeod for draft editing. Thank you also to members of the Kamchatka MO field expeditions and administrators of the Kronotsky National Park. This manuscript was improved through feedback from anonymous reviewers. Research funding sources included the National Science Foundation (MCB-MO 0238407), the US Civilian Research and Development Foundation, and the Savannah River Ecology Laboratory through the US Department of Energy and the University of Georgia (DE-FC09-07SR22506).

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  1. Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, University of Georgia, P.O. Drawer E, Aiken, SC, 29802, USA

    Elizabeth A. Burgess & Gary L. Mills

  2. Department of Plant & Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA

    Jason M. Unrine

  3. Department of Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA

    Christopher S. Romanek

  4. Department of Microbiology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA

    Juergen Wiegel

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Burgess, E.A., Unrine, J.M., Mills, G.L. et al. Comparative Geochemical and Microbiological Characterization of Two Thermal Pools in the Uzon Caldera, Kamchatka, Russia. Microb Ecol 63, 471–489 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-011-9979-4

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