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Influence of injection timing on torroidal re-entrant chamber design in a single cylinder DI engine fuelled with ternary blends

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Abstract

The present experimental work focuses on the influence of injection timing on torroidal re-entrant chamber design in a single cylinder diesel engine fuelled with ternary fuel (diesel-biodiesel-ethanol) blend. Ternary fuel is transformed to a high performance fuel (HPF) by addition of alumina nano additives. Experiments were conducted on HPF subjected to various injection timings of 21obTDC (Retarded injection timing), 22obTDC (Retarded injection timing), 23obTDC (standard injection timing) and 24obTDC (advanced injection timing) respectively at torroidal re-entrant combustion chamber design (TRCC) and were compared with base fuel diesel. Based on experimentation, it is observed that, BTE is lowered for 21obTDC and 24obTDC by 4.53% and 1.22% while highest BTE of about 33.8% is achieved for 22obTDC in comparison with other blends such as DIESEL-HCC23 (32.75%), HPF-TRCC21 (31.41%) and HPF-TRCC24 (32.53%). Lowest BSEC profile was achieved for HPF-TRCC22. HPF-TRCC22 resulted in lowered HC and CO emissions of about 9.18% and 16.83% in comparison with HPF-TRCC23. HPF-TRCC21 resulted in lowered NOx emissions by 22.53% along with higher HC and CO emissions by 6.13% and 20.51% in comparison with HPF-TRCC23. Cylinder pressure and HRR of HPF-TRCC22 stays at an acceptable range of 75.42 bar and 85.34 J/deg. CA in comparison with other test blends.

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Abbreviations

Al2O3 :

Aluminium oxide nanoparticle

BSEC:

Brake Specific Energy Consumption

BTE:

Brake Thermal Efficiency

CFD:

Computational Fluid Dynamics

CHRR:

Cumulative Heat Release Rate

CI:

Compression Ignition

CO:

Carbon monoxide

CO2 :

Carbon dioxide

CRDI:

Common Rail Direct Injection

DEE:

Diethyl ether

DI:

Direct Injection

EDS:

Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy

EGO:

Exhaust Gas Oxygen

EGR:

Exhaust Gas recirculation

EGT:

Exhaust Gas Temperature

FAME:

Fatty Acid Methyl Ester

FTIR:

Fourier Transform Infra-Red

HC:

Hydrocarbon

HCC:

Hemispherical chamber

HPF:

High performance fuel

HPF-HCC23:

High performance fuel operated with hemispherical combustion chamber at 23 CA bTDC

HPF-TRCC23:

High performance fuel operated with torroidal re-entrant combustion chamber at 23 CA bTDC

HPF-TRCC22:

High performance fuel operated with torroidal re-entrant combustion chamber at 22 CA bTDC

HPF-TRCC21:

High performance fuel operated with torroidal re-entrant combustion chamber at 21 CA bTDC

HPF-TRCC4:

High performance fuel operated with torroidal re-entrant combustion chamber at 24 CA bTDC

HRR:

Heat Release Rate

LTC:

Low Temperature Combustion

NOx:

Oxides of Nitrogen

SEM:

Scanning Electron Microscope

TEM:

Transmission Electron Microscope

TRCC:

Torroidal re-entrant combustion chamber

TF:

Ternary fuel

XRD:

X-Ray Diffraction

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Acknowledgements

The authors thanks the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) of Government of India for its technical support for this investigation, thank Institute for Energy Studies (Anna University) for its financial support, and thank Centre for Nanotechnology (Anna University) for synthesis, characterization of nanoparticles.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Automobile Engineering, Vel Tech Dr. RR & Dr. SR Technical University, Chennai, 600062, India

    Harish Venu

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Lakireddy Bali Reddy College of Engineering, Mylavaram, A.P-521230, India

    V. Dhana Raju

  3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Madras Institute of Technology, Chennai, 600044, India

    Lingesan Subramani

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  1. Harish Venu
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  2. V. Dhana Raju
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  3. Lingesan Subramani
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Correspondence to Harish Venu.

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Highlights

• Novel study on influence of injection timing with torroidal re-entrant chamber design

• Ternary fuel with alumina nano additive performed extremely well and called as high performance fuel

• High performance fuel is operated at torroidal re-entrant chamber at various injection strategies

• Retarded injection timing of 22oTDC with re-entrant chamber ensued highest BTE and lowest BSEC

• At 22obTDC, HC and CO were lowered along with marginal higher NOx emissions

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Venu, H., Raju, V.D. & Subramani, L. Influence of injection timing on torroidal re-entrant chamber design in a single cylinder DI engine fuelled with ternary blends. Heat Mass Transfer 55, 2931–2948 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00231-019-02623-z

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