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Experimental investigation on the availability, performance, combustion and emission distinctiveness of bael oil/ diesel/ diethyl ether blends powered in a variable compression ratio diesel engine

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Abstract

The present work aims at experimental investigation on the combined effect of injection timing (IT) and injection pressure (IP) on the performance and emissions characteristics, and exergy analysis of a compression-ignition (CI) engine powered with bael oil blends. The tests were conducted using ternary blends of bael oil, diethyl ether (DEE) and neat diesel (D) at various engine loads at a constant engine speed (1500 rpm). With B2 (60%D + 30%bael oil+10%DEE) fuel, the brake thermal efficiency (BTE) of the engine is augmented by 3.5%, reduction of 4.7% of oxides of nitrogen (NOx) emission has been observed at 100% engine load with 250 bar IP. B2 fuel exhibits 7% lower scale of HC emissions compared to that of diesel fuel at 100% engine load in 23 °bTDC IT. The increment in both cooling water and exhaust gas availabilities lead to increasing exergy efficiency with increasing load. The exergy efficiency of about 62.17% has been recorded by B2 fuel at an injection pressure of 230 IP bar with 100% load. On the whole, B2 fuel displays the best performance and combustion characteristics. It also exhibits better characteristics of emissions level in terms of lower HC, smoke opacity and NOx.

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Abbreviations

ASTM:

American society for testing and materials

B1:

70% diesel+20% bael oil+10% DEE

B2:

60% diesel+30% bael oil+10% DEE

B3:

50% diesel+40% bael oil+10% DEE

BSFC:

Brake specific fuel consumption (kg/kW hr)

BTE:

Brake thermal efficiency (%)

CA:

Crank angle (deg)

CE:

Chemical energy (J)

CI:

Compression ignition

CN:

Cetane number

CO:

Carbon monoxide (%)

CO2 :

Carbon dioxide (%)

CR:

Compression ratio

D:

Neat diesel

DEE:

Diethyl ether

HC:

Hydrocarbon (ppm)

HHV:

Higher heating value (kJ/kg)

HRR:

Heat release rate (J/deg. CA)

IC:

Internal combustion

IP:

Injection pressure (bar)

IT:

Injection timing

L:

Exergy loss

LHV:

Lower heating value (kJ/kg)

NOx:

Oxides of nitrogen (ppm)

rps:

Revolution per seconds

SVO:

Straight vegetable oil

TDC:

Top dead centre

VCR:

Variable compression ratio

w:

Engine load (Newton)

W:

Watts

Q s :

Heat supplied (kJ/min)

P shaft :

Useful shaft power (kJ/min)

Q w :

Heat transfer through cooling water (kJ/min)

Q eg :

Heat transfer through exhaust gas (kJ/min)

Q miss :

Miscellaneous heat transfer (kJ/min)

S 1 :

Entropy of inlet cooling water (kJ/kg K)

S 2 :

Entropy of outlet cooling water (kJ/kg K)

T a :

Ambient temperature (K)

γ:

Ratio of specific heats

ɳII or ɛ:

Exergy effieiency

θ:

Crank angle (degree)

Ρ:

Density (kg/m3)

υ:

Viscosity (centistokes)

a:

Atmosphere condition

cw:

Cooling water

des:

Destroyed

eg:

Exhaust gas

in:

Input

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  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Government College of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641013, India

    M. Krishnamoorthi & R. Malayalamurthi

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  1. M. Krishnamoorthi
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Correspondence to M. Krishnamoorthi.

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Krishnamoorthi, M., Malayalamurthi, R. Experimental investigation on the availability, performance, combustion and emission distinctiveness of bael oil/ diesel/ diethyl ether blends powered in a variable compression ratio diesel engine. Heat Mass Transfer 54, 2023–2044 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00231-018-2283-9

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