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Prevalence of Puroindoline D1 and Puroindoline b-2 variants in U.S. Pacific Northwest wheat breeding germplasm pools, and their association with kernel texture

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Abstract

Kernel texture is a major factor influencing the classification and end use properties of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), and is mainly controlled by the Puroindoline a (Pina) and Puroindoline b (Pinb) genes. Recently, a new puroindoline gene, Puroindoline b-2 (Pin b-2), was identified. In this study, 388 wheat cultivars and advanced breeding lines from the U.S. Pacific Northwest were investigated for frequencies of Puroindoline D1 alleles and Pinb-2 variants 2 and 3. Results indicated that Pinb–D1b (74.0%) was the predominant genotype among hard wheats (N = 196), the only other hard allele encountered was Pina-D1b (26.0%). Across all varieties, Pinb-2v3 was the predominant genotype (84.5%) compared with Pinb-2v2 (15.5%). However, among 240 winter wheat varieties (124 soft white, 15 club, 68 hard red and 33 hard white varieties), all carried Pinb-2v3. Among spring wheats, Pinb-2v2 and Pinb-2v3 frequencies were more variable (soft white 25.0:75.0, hard red 58.2:41.8 and hard white 40.0:60.0, respectively). Kernel texture variation was analyzed using 247 of the 388 wheat varieties grown in multi-location factorial trials in up to 7 crop years. The range of variety means among the four groups, soft winter, soft spring, hard winter and hard spring, was on the order of 15–25 single kernel characterization system (SKCS) Hardness Index. The least significant difference for each of these trials ranged from 2.8 to 5.6 SKCS Hardness Index. Observations lead to the conclusion that Pinb-2 variants do not exert a prominent effect on kernel texture, however, Pinb–2 variants do identify features of wheat germ plasm structure in the U.S. Pacific Northwest.

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Acknowledgments

The growing and harvesting of field plots by John Burns, Stephen Guy, John Kuehner and Vadim Jitkov of the WSU Cereal Variety Testing Program is greatly appreciated, Cooperators of the Western Regional Nurseries are thanked for providing samples. Doug Engle and the entire staff of the Western Wheat Quality Laboratory are warmly acknowledged. Shawna Vogl and Stacey Sykes contributed to the preparation of this manuscript. This research was conducted, in part, under the auspices of the Sino-U.S. Centers for Wheat Quality and Pathology.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Crop & Soil Sciences, Western Wheat Quality Laboratory, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA

    Hongwei Geng & Alecia M. Kiszonas

  2. USDA-ARS Western Wheat Quality Laboratory, Washington State University, E-202 Food Science & Human Nutrition Facility East, Food Quality Bldg., Pullman, WA, 99164-6394, USA

    Brian S. Beecher & Craig F. Morris

  3. National Wheat Improvement Center/The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China

    Zhonghu He

  4. International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) China Office, c/o CAAS, Beijing, China

    Zhonghu He

  5. College of Agronomy, Xingjiang Agricultural University, 42 Nanchang Road, Urumqi, 830052, Xinjiang, China

    Hongwei Geng

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  1. Hongwei Geng
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  2. Brian S. Beecher
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Correspondence to Craig F. Morris.

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Communicated by X. Xia.

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Geng, H., Beecher, B.S., He, Z. et al. Prevalence of Puroindoline D1 and Puroindoline b-2 variants in U.S. Pacific Northwest wheat breeding germplasm pools, and their association with kernel texture. Theor Appl Genet 124, 1259–1269 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-011-1784-4

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