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Genetic relatedness and population differentiation of Himalayan hulless barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) landraces inferred with SSRs

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Abstract

A set of 107 hulless barley (Hordeum vulgare L. subsp. vulgare) landraces originally collected from the highlands of Nepal along the Annapurna and Manaslu Himalaya range were studied for genetic relatedness and population differentiation using simple sequence repeats (SSRs). The 44 genome covering barley SSRs applied in this study revealed a high level of genetic diversity among the landraces (diversity index, DI = 0.536) tested. The genetic similarity (GS) based UPGMA clustering and Bayesian Model-based (MB) structure analysis revealed a complex genetic structure of the landraces. Eight genetically distinct populations were identified, of which seven were further studied for diversity and differentiation. The genetic diversity estimated for all and each population separately revealed a hot spot of genetic diversity at Pisang (DI = 0.559). The populations are fairly differentiated (θ = 0.433, R ST = 0.445) accounting for > 40% of the genetic variation among the populations. The pairwise population differentiation test confirmed that many of the geographic populations significantly differ from each other but that the differentiation is independent of the geographic distance (r = 0.224, P > 0.05). The high level of genetic diversity and complex population structure detected in Himalayan hulless barley landraces and the relevance of the findings are discussed.

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Acknowledgments

We thank the Barley Germplasm Centre, Okayama University, Kurashiki (Japan) for providing the seeds, and Petra Kretschmer and Roland Kürschner for highly skilled technical assistance. The German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) scholarship to M. P. is acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Plant Breeding Department, Research Center for Bio Systems Land Resources and Nutrition (IFZ), Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392, Giessen, Germany

    Madhav Pandey, Carola Wagner & Wolfgang Friedt

  2. Institute of Epidemiology and Resistance Resources, Federal Centre for Breeding Research on Cultivated Plants, Theodor-Roemer-Weg 4, 06449, Aschersleben, Germany

    Frank Ordon

  3. Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science, Tribhuvan University, Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal

    Madhav Pandey

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  1. Madhav Pandey
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  2. Carola Wagner
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  4. Frank Ordon
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Correspondence to Frank Ordon.

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Communicated by M. Bohn.

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Pandey, M., Wagner, C., Friedt, W. et al. Genetic relatedness and population differentiation of Himalayan hulless barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) landraces inferred with SSRs. Theor Appl Genet 113, 715–729 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-006-0340-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-006-0340-0

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