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Correlation of Patient-Related Factors and Dose-Volume Histogram Parameters with the Onset of Radiation Pneumonitis in Patients with Small Cell Lung Cancer

Korrelation von patientenbezogenen Faktoren und Dosis-Volumen-Histogramm-Parametern mit dem Auftreten einer radiogenen Pneumonitis bei Patienten mit kleinzelligem Bronchialkarzinom

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Abstract

Purpose:

To analyze the association of patient- and treatment-related factors with the onset of radiation pneumonitis in a homogeneously treated cohort of patients suffering from small cell lung cancer (SCLC).

Patients and Methods:

242 patients with SCLC staged as limited disease, who had been treated with chemotherapy and three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy, were retrospectively analyzed. Pneumonitis was defined by typical symptoms and radiographic findings and judged clinically relevant, if drug administration and hospitalization were necessary. Patient- (age, gender, smoking history, performance status, tumor localization, benign lung disease) and treatment-related parameters (V10–V40, mean lung dose [MLD]) were analyzed using χ2-tests for categorical parameters and logistic regression for continuous variables.

Results:

33 patients (13.6%) developed a clinically relevant pneumonitis, of whom three patients died. All cases of pneumonitis developed within 120 days. None of the patient-related parameters correlated significantly with the onset of pneumonitis. Considering treatment-related parameters, a significant correlation of V30 in regard to total lung and V40 in regard to ipsilateral, contralateral and total lung to the risk of pneumonitis was found. So, the estimated risk of a clinically relevant pneumonitis increased from 10% given a V30 of 13% to 30% given a V30 of 35%. In contrast, no significant correlation was found for V10 and V20 and only a trend for MLD.

Conclusion:

In this series, high-dose radiation volume parameters, i.e., V30 and especially V40, were identified as the most important factors for the development of radiation pneumonitis. Low-dose radiation volume parameters and clinical parameters played an inferior role in predicting the pneumonitis risk.

Zusammenfassung

Ziel:

Überprüfung der Assoziation von patienten- und therapiebezogenen Faktoren mit dem Auftreten einer radiogenen Pneumonitis in einem homogen behandelten Patientenkollektiv mit kleinzelligem Bronchialkarzinom (SCLC).

Patienten und Methodik:

242 Patienten mit SCLC im Stadium „limited disease“, welche mittels Chemotherapie und dreidimensionaler konformaler Radiotherapie behandelt waren, wurden retrospektiv analysiert. Pneumonitis wurde durch das Auftreten typischer Symptome und radiologischer Befunde definiert und als klinisch relevant eingestuft, wenn medikamentöse Behandlung und Klinikeinweisung nötig waren. Patienten- (Alter, Geschlecht, Rauchanamnese, Allgemeinzustand, Tumorlokalisation, gutartige Lungenerkrankung) und behandlungsbezogene Parameter (V10–V40, mittlere Lungendosis [MLD]) wurden mittels χ2-Tests für kategoriale Parameter und logistischer Regression für kontinuierliche Parameter analysiert.

Ergebnisse:

33 Patienten (13,6%) entwickelten eine klinisch relevante Pneumonitis, drei Patienten starben. Alle Pneumonitisfälle traten innerhalb von 120 Tagen auf. Für keinen der patientenbezogenen Parameter fand sich eine signifikante Korrelation mit dem Auftreten einer Pneumonitis. Hinsichtlich der behandlungsbezogenen Parameter zeigte sich eine signifikante Korrelation der V30 (gesamte Lunge) sowie der V40 (ipsilaterale, kontralaterale oder gesamte Lunge) mit dem Pneumonitisrisiko. So erhöhte sich das geschätzte Risiko einer klinisch relevanten Pneumonitis von 10% bei einer V30 von 13% auf 30% bei einer V30 von 35%. Im Gegensatz hierzu fanden sich keine signifikanten Korrelationen für V10 und V20 und nur ein Trend für die MLD.

Schlussfolgerung:

Hochdosis-Volumen-Parameter, d.h. V30 und besonders V40, konnten in dieser Serie als wichtigste Faktoren bezüglich der Entwicklung einer radiogenen Pneumonitis identifiziert werden. Niedrigdosis-Volumen-Parameter und klinische Parameter spielten eine untergeordnete Rolle bei der Vorhersage des Pneumonitisrisikos.

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Correspondence to Falk Roeder MD.

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Roeder, F., Friedrich, J., Timke, C. et al. Correlation of Patient-Related Factors and Dose-Volume Histogram Parameters with the Onset of Radiation Pneumonitis in Patients with Small Cell Lung Cancer. Strahlenther Onkol 186, 149–156 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00066-010-2018-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00066-010-2018-4

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