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Expression analysis of the early chemokine response 4 h after in vitro traumatic brain injury

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Abstract

Objective and design

The importance of cytokine- and chemokine-mediated neuroinflammation in the progress of brain injury is becoming increasingly evident. We investigated the early local cytokine and chemokine expression and the development of tissue injury after moderate mechanical hippocampus trauma.

Material or subjects

Mouse organotypic hippocampal slice cultures.

Treatment

Drop-weight trauma in the CA1 region of the hippocampus.

Methods

Staining of necrotic tissue, PCR array and evaluation, real-time PCR, statistical analysis with a two-tailed, independent t test.

Results

At 12 and 24 h after trauma, the tissue injury spread from the primary mechanical lesion to the entire hippocampal formation. A pronounced up-regulation of distinct chemokine transcripts was found 4 h after in vitro traumatic brain injury which preceded the development of the secondary injury.

Conclusions

The enhanced expression of inflammatory genes might contribute to the development of the secondary trauma and could pinpoint future neuroinflammatory and neuroprotective targets for research and treatment.

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Acknowledgments

We would like to thank J. Hoffmann and R. Blaumeiser-Debarry for their excellent technical assistance. The study was supported by two grants allocated to AVF (Forschungsrotation and START, both RWTH Aachen University) and two grants allocated to MK (Hertie-Stiftung; START, RWTH Aachen University).

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they do not have any conflicts of interest in the context of this work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany

    Astrid V. Fahlenkamp, Mark Coburn, Michael Czaplik & Rolf Rossaint

  2. Institute for Neuroanatomy, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen, Wendlingweg 2, 52074, Aachen, Germany

    Astrid V. Fahlenkamp, Markus Kipp & Cordian Beyer

  3. Department of Neurosurgery, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, TU Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany

    Yu-Mi Ryang

Authors
  1. Astrid V. Fahlenkamp
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  2. Mark Coburn
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  3. Michael Czaplik
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  4. Yu-Mi Ryang
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  5. Markus Kipp
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  6. Rolf Rossaint
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  7. Cordian Beyer
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mark Coburn.

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Responsible Editor: Artur Bauhofer.

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Fahlenkamp, A.V., Coburn, M., Czaplik, M. et al. Expression analysis of the early chemokine response 4 h after in vitro traumatic brain injury. Inflamm. Res. 60, 379–387 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00011-010-0281-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00011-010-0281-6

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