Abstract
Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles, synthesized using co-precipitation method, were epoxy functionalized via plasma polymerization of 2,3-epoxypropylmethacrylate (EPMA) precursor. The EPMA-functionalized Fe3O4 nanoparticles (EPMA-f-MN) were employed as templates for facile, one-step covalent immobilization of laccase enzyme at room temperature. Samples were rigorously characterized by FTIR, TGA, SEM, TEM, XRD techniques, while Mössbauer spectroscopy (MöS) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) confirmed the supermagnetic nature of Fe3O4 nanoparticles. Activities of free and immobilized laccase (ImLac) were assayed by spectrophotometrically monitoring the enzymatic reduction of substrate 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylthiazoline-6-sulfonate) (ABTS) at 420 nm, corresponding to the λmax of ABTS.+. In addition to possessing higher thermal stability and a broader pH tolerance window compared to free laccase, the supermagnetic property of the Fe3O4 renders the ImLac system conveniently recoverable and recyclable. Practical applicability of ImLac towards catalytic degradation of industrial dyes was also ably demonstrated using Acid Blue 193 (AB 193) as a commercially used model textile dye, which belongs to the family of azo dyes. Over 95% degradation of the dye was achieved within a period of 4 hours. ImLac could be used for more than 10 dye degradation cycles with >90 % of retention in enzyme activity.
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The authors would like to thank Dr. P. D. Babu (UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, BARC, Mumbai) for his help in magnetization measurements.
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Swarnima Rawat, Nilanjal Misra, Sher Singh Meena, Shubhangi S. Shelkar, Naveen Kumar N and Narender Kumar Goel were involved in material preparation, data collection, sample analysis and characterization. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Swarnima Rawat and all co-authors contributed in refining the content of the manuscript. Virendra Kumar has contributed in conceptualization, design, supervision of the research work reported and review and editing of the manuscript. All authors have read and approved the final manuscript
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Rawat, S., Misra, N., Meena, S.S. et al. Plasma polymerized functional supermagnetic Fe3O4 nanostructured templates for laccase immobilization: A robust catalytic system for bio-inspired dye degradation. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 82524–82540 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-21539-6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-21539-6