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Harnessing the hidden allelic diversity of wild Cicer to accelerate genomics-assisted chickpea crop improvement

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Abstract

Chickpea, commonly called Bengal gram or Garbanzo bean, faces a productivity crisis around the globe due to numerous biotic and abiotic stresses. The eroded genetic base of the cultivated Cicer gene pool is becoming a significant bottleneck in developing stress-resilient chickpea cultivars. In this scenario, the crop wild relatives (CWR) of chickpea, with the useful genomic wealth of their wild adaptation, give a ray of hope to improve the genetic background of the cultivated Cicer gene pool. To extrapolate these unearthed genomic diversities of wild, we require a thorough understanding of the pre-historic domestication episodes that are changing their shape with the expansion of the available scientific evidence. Keeping aforesaid in view, the current review article provides a glimpsed overview on several efforts done so far to reveal the mysterious origin and evolution of the Cicer gene pool, along with the constraints in their utilization for chickpea crop improvement. It encapsulates various stress-resilient CWR of chickpea and their use in several pre-breeding programs to develop numerous breeding populations for crop genetic enhancement. Further, this review will recapitulate the significant contributions of structural, functional and comparative genomics, pan-genomics and diverse genomics-assisted breeding strategy in dissecting the untapped trait-specific allelic/gene diversity and domestication pattern behind the CWR of chickpea, along with their potential and promises. We expect the newly explored genetic variations may be used in the breeding programs for re-wilding the cultigens’ genomic background to open a new avenue for genetic gain and crop improvement capacity of chickpea.

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Funding

The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support for this study provided by a research grant from the Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Government of India. JKM acknowledges the DBT-Research Fellowship Award.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India

    Jitendra Kumar Mohanty & Swarup K. Parida

  2. ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulse Research (IIPR), Kanpur, 208024, India

    Uday Chand Jha & G. P. Dixit

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  1. Jitendra Kumar Mohanty
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  2. Uday Chand Jha
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  3. G. P. Dixit
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  4. Swarup K. Parida
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JKM and SKP conceived the idea. JKM and SKP wrote the manuscript. UCJ  and GPD revised and improved the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Swarup K. Parida.

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Mohanty, J.K., Jha, U.C., Dixit, G.P. et al. Harnessing the hidden allelic diversity of wild Cicer to accelerate genomics-assisted chickpea crop improvement. Mol Biol Rep 49, 5697–5715 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-022-07613-9

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