Abstract
Abundance and distribution of phytoplankton in seawater at southwestern East/Japan Sea near Gampo were investigated by HPLC analysis of photosynthetic pigments during summer of 1999. Detected photosynthetic pigments were chlorophyll a, b, c1+2 (Chl a, Chl b, Chl c1+2), fucoxanthin (Fuco), prasinoxanthin (Pras), zeaxanthin (Zea), 19’-butanoyloxyfucoxanthin (But-fuco) and beta-carotene (β-Car). Major carotenoid was fucoxanthin (bacillariophyte) and minor carotenoids were Pras (prasinophyte), Zea (cyanophyte) and But-fuco (chrysophyte). Chl a concentrations were in the range of 0.16-8.3/land subsurface chlorophyll maxima were observed at 0-10m at inshore and 30–50 m at offshore. Thermocline and nutricline tilted to the offshore direction showed a mild upwelling condition. Results from size-fraction showed that contribution from nano+picoplankton at Chl a maximum layer was increased from 18% at inshore to 69% at offshore on average. The maximum contribution from nano+picoplankton was found as 87% at St. E4. It was noteworthy that contribution from nano+picoplanktonic crysophytes and green algae to total biomass of phytoplankton was significant at offshore. Satellite images of sea surface temperature indicated that an extensive area of the East/Japan Sea showed lower temperature (<18 °C) but the enhanced Chl a patch was confined to a narrow coastal region in summer, 1999. Exceptionally high flux of low saline water from the Korea/Tsushima Strait seemed to make upwelling weak in summer of 1999 in the study area. Results of comparisons among Chl a from SeaWIFs, HPLC and fluorometric analysis showed that presence of Chl b cause underestimation of Chl a about 30% by fluorometric analysis but overestimation by satellite data about 30-75% compared to HPLC data.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Andersen, R.A., R.R. Bidigare, M.D. Keller, and M. Latasa. 1996. A comparison of HPLC pigment signatures and electron microscopic observations for oligotrophic waters of the North Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.Deep-Sea Res.,43, 517–537.
Chang, K.-I. W.J. Teague, S.J. Lyu, H.T. Perkins, D.-K. Lee, D.R. Watts, Y.-B. Kim, D. A. Mitchell, C.M. Lee, K. Kim. 2004. Circulation and currents in the southwestern East/ Japan Sea: Overview and review.Progressive in Oceanogr.,61, 105–156.
Choi., B.-J., D.B. Haidvogel, and Y.-K. Cho. 2004. Nonseasonal sea level variations in the Japan/East Sea from satellite altimeter data.J. Geophys. Res.,109, C12028..
Choi, J.K. and J.H. Shim. 1986. The ecological study of phytoplankton in Kyeonggi Bay, Yellow Sea. III. Phytoplankton composition, standing crops, tychopelagic plankton.J. Oceanol. Soc. Korea,21, 156–170.
Chung I.K and Y.H. Kang. 1996. A marine picoplankton from Korea:Pyncnococcus provasoli Guillard.J. Korean.Soc. Oceanogr.,31, 150–154.
Furuya, K., M. Hayashi, Y. Yabushita, and A. Ishikawa. 2003. Phytoplankton dynamics in the East China Sea in spring and summer as reavealed by HPLC-derived pigment signatures.Deep-Sea Res. II,50, 367–387.
Goericke, R. and D.J. Repeta. 1992. The pigments of Prochlorococcusmarinus: The presence of divinyl chlorophyll a and b in a marine procaryote.Limnol. Oceanogr.,37, 425–433.
Jeffrey, S.W., R.F.C. Mantoura and S.W. Wright. 1997. Phytoplankton pigments in oceanography: p. pp. 74–75. In:Guidelines to modern methods. UNESCO.
Kang, J.-H., W.-S. Kim, K.-I. Chang, and J.-H. Noh. 2004. Distribution of plankton related to the mesoscale physical structure within the surface mixed layer in the south western East Sea, Korea.J. Plankton Res.,26, 1515–1528.
Kim, Y.N. 2002. Size fractionation and Flow Cytometric Analysis of phytoplankton with Changes in Upwelling Event off Gampo, Korea. M.S. Thesis, Pukyong National Univ., Busan.
Lee, J.C. 2006. Personal communication.
Mantoura, R.F.C. and C.A. Llewellyn. 1983. The rapid determination of algal chlorophyll and carotenoid pigments and their breakdown products in natural waters by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography.Anal. Chimi. Acta,151, 297–314.
Park, M.O. and J.S. Park. 1997. HPLC method for the analysis of chlorophylls and carotenoids from marine phytoplankton.J. Oceanol. Soc. Korea,32, 46–55.
Park, M.O., C.H. Moon, H.S. Yang, and J.S. Park. 1999. Distribution of Phytoplankton Pigments in the Korea Strait.J. Oceanol. Soc. Korea,34, 95–112.
Park, M.O., F. Lantoine, J. Neveux, and C.H. Moon, 2006. Abundance and Distribution of picoplankton off Southwestern East Sea, Korea. In:Ocean Sci. Meeting, Honolulu, Hawaii, 20–24 Feb. 2006.
Shim, J.H., S.R. Yang, and W.H. Lee. 1989. Phytohydrography and the Vertical Pattern of Nitracline in the Southern Waters of the Korean East Sea in Early Spring.J. Oceanol. Soc. Korea,24, 15–28.
Smayda, T.J. 2000. Ecological features of harmful algal blooms in coastal upwelling ecosystems.S. Afr.J. Mar. Sci.,22, 219–253.
Song, T.Y. 1999. Monthly variation of phytoplankton community structure and pigments in the Kyeonggi Bay, Korea. M.S. Thesis, Inha Univ.
Strickland, J.D. and T.R. Parsons. 1972. A practical handbook of seawater analysis, 2nd ed.Bull. Fish. Res. Bd. Can.,167.
Takikawa, T., J.-H. Yoon, and K.-D. Cho. 2005. The Tsushima Warm Current through Tsushima Straits Estimated from Ferryboat ADCP Data.J. Phys. Oceanogr.,35, 1154–1168.
Yoon, J.-H. 2006. The Oceanic Circulation of the Japan/East Sea — Its present and Future.J. Ocean Sci. Technol. 3(1), 23–29.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Park, M.O. Composition and distribution of phytoplankton with size fraction results at southwestern east/japan sea. Ocean Sci. J. 41, 301–313 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03020632
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03020632