Abstract
Knowledge of how potato (Solatium tuberosum L.) cultivars respond to non-conventional storage temperature regimes may expand options for managing immature, overmature, or otherwise stressed potatoes. Here we demonstrate that temperature-dependent changes in the processing quality of tubers are modulated by tuber maturity. ‘Russet Burbank’ (RB), ‘Ranger Russet’ (RR), and ‘Umatilla Russet’ (UR) tubers from early- and late- planted crops (grown for 163 d and 133 d, respectively) were conditioned for a month at 4.5, 6.7, or 9 C, and subsequently stored at 4.5, 6.7 or 9 C (nine temperature regimes) for an additional 182 d before reconditioning at 16 C. Fry color darkened as conditioning temperature (CT) decreased from 9 to 4.5 C, and tubers were most sensitive to low temperatures for loss of processing quality during the initial conditioning period following wound-healing. Conditioning at higher temperatures increased the tolerance of tubers to lower subsequent holding temperatures (HT) later in the storage season. The processing quality of chronologically older (early planting) RR and UR tubers was inferior to the younger tubers (late planting), resulting in fewer CT/HT combinations for managing the former. Regardless of maturity, RR tubers maintained processing quality for up to 230 d when conditioned and stored at higher temperatures; however, tubers from the late planting had a greater tolerance of lower temperatures than those from the early planting. Although reconditioning improved the processing quality for all cultivars and thus expanded the CT/HT management options, the responsiveness of cold-sweetened UR tubers to reconditioning attenuated over the 230 d storage period, reflecting earlier onset of irreversible senescent sweetening in this cultivar. Chronologically younger tubers of the most dominant processing cultivars in the Pacific Northwest stored better than tubers produced over a prolonged growing season. Collectively, these studies suggest strategies to manage tubers of differing maturity to best preserve processing quality during storage.
Resumen
El saber de cómo los cultivares de papa (Solanum tuberosum L.) responden a regímenes de temperatura no convencional de almacenamiento puede aumentar las opciones para el manejo de papas inmaduras, sobre maduras o estresadas. Aquí demostramos que los cambios temperatura-dependiente de la calidad del producto son regulados por la madurez del tubérculo. Los tubérculos de ‘Russet Burbank’ (RB), ‘Ranger Russet’ (RR) y ‘Umatilla Russet’ (UR) de cultivos sembrados temprano y tardíamente (crecidos por 163 y 133 días, respectivamente) fueron acondicionados por un mes a 4.5, 6.7 y 9 C y luego almacenados por 182 días adicionales a 4.5, 6.7 o a 9 C (nueve regímenes de temperatura) antes de reacondicionarlos a 16 C. E1 color de la fritura se oscureció a medida que la temperatura de acondicionamiento (CT) disminuyó de 9 a 4.5 C y los tubérculos fueron más sensibles a las temperaturas bajas para pérdida de su calidad de procesamiento durante el periodo inicial de acondicionamiento, después de la cicatrización de las heridas. El acondicionamiento a temperaturas más altas incrementó la tolerancia de los tubérculos a mantenimiento posterior a temperaturas mas bajas (HT) hacia el final del período de almacenaje. La calidad de procesamiento de los tubérculos más viejos (siembra temprana) de RR y UR fue inferior a la de tubérculos más jóvenes (siembra tardía) resultando en pocas combinaciones CT/HT de mane jo para los primeros. Prescindiendo de la madurez, los tubérculos de RR mantuvieron la calidad de procesamiento hasta 230 días cuando se acondicionaron y almacenaron a temperaturas más altas; sin embargo, los tubérculos de siembra tardía tuvieron mayor tolerancia a temperaturas bajas que aquellos de siembra temprana. Aunque el acondicionamiento mejoró la calidad de procesamiento de todos los cultivares y por lo tanto amplió las opciones de manejo CT/HT, la respuesta de los tubérculos de UR endulzados por frío al acondicionamiento se atenuó después de 230 días de almacenamiento, reflejando una temprana aparición de dulzor senescente irreversible en este cultivar. Tubérculos cronológicamente más jóvenes de los cultivares prominentes en el Pacífico noroccidental se almacenaron mejor que los tubérculos de permanencia prolongada en el campo. Colectivamente, estos estudios sugieren estrategias de manejo de tubérculos de diferente estado de madurez para preservar mejor su calidad de procesamiento durante el almacenamiento.
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Driskill, E.P., Knowles, L.O. & Knowles, N.R. Temperature-induced changes in potato processing quality during storage are modulated by tuber maturity. Amer J of Potato Res 84, 367–383 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02987183
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02987183