Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Potato systematics and germplasm collecting, 1989–2000

  • Published:
American Journal of Potato Research Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This paper reviews the systematics of wild potatoes over the past 11 years, in reference to the latest comprehensive taxonomic treatment by Hawkes (1990. The potato: evolution, biodiversity and genetic resources. Belhaven Press, Washington, D.C.). Included here is information on monographs and floras, new germplasm collections made since 1988 compared to total potato distributional data, new taxonomic changes (including synonymy and new species descriptions), ingroup and outgroup relationships, intraspecific studies, diversity studies, and fingerprinting. In addition, data supporting taxonomic changes and phylogeny from ploidy levels, Endosperm Balance Numbers, and morphological studies of taxonomically important characters are reviewed. A revised list of 206 species is presented (from 232 in Hawkes) that incorporates recent synonymy of names, recognition of new names, and new species descriptions. New germplasm collections of 58 potato taxa were collected that did not occur in genebanks before 1988.

Resumen

En este articulo se resume el tratamiento sistematico de las papas silvestres durante los pasados 11 anos, en referencia al mas reciente tratado taxonomico deHawkes (1990. The potato: evolution, biodiversity and genetic resources. Belhaven Press, Washington, D.C.) Aquí se incluye información sobre monografías, nuevas colecciones de germoplasma hechas desde 1988 y comparadas con la distribución geográfica completa de papas silvestres, nuevos cambios taxónomicos (incluidas la descripción de sinónimas y de nuevas especies), parentesco filogenético dentro y fuera del grupo, estudios intraespecíficos, estudios diversos y tipificacion del ADN. Adicionalmente, se revisan los datos que sustentan los cambios taxonómicos y en el parentesco filogenético: niveles de ploidia, Balance Numérico de Endosperma y estudios morfológicos de caracteres taxonómicamente importantes. Se presenta una lista revisada de 206 especies (de 232 de Hawkes) que incorpora la reciente sinonimia de nombres, el reconocimiento de nuevos nombres y la descripción de nuevas especies. Se colectaron 58 taxa de papa que no se encontraban en los bancos genéticos antes de 1988.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

Literature Cited

  • Angeli, M., M. Klewsaat, M. Vandrey, and K Schüler. 2000a. Wild and cultivated potato species from Central and South America. The Groß Lüsewitz Potato Collection (GLKS). Inventory for 2000. Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research Gatersleben (IPK), Genebank External Branch North.

  • Angeli, M., M. Klewsaat, M. Vandrey, and K. Schüler. 2000b. Collection of potato varieties. The Groß Lüsewitz Potato Collection (GLKS). Inventory for 2000. Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research Gatersleben (IPK), Genebank External Branch North.

  • Bamberg, J.B. 1994. Allelism of endosperm balance number (EBN) inSolanum acaule Bitt. and other wild potato species. Theor Appl Genet 89:682–686.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bamberg, J.B., and M.W. Martin. 1993. Inventory of tuber-bearingSolanum species: catalog of potato germplasm—1993. Potato Introduction Station, NRSP-6, Sturgeon Bay, Wisconsin.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bamberg, J.B., M.W. Martin, J.J. Schartner, and D.M. Spooner. 1996. Inventory of tuber-bearingSolanum species - catalog of potato germplasm -1996. Potato Introduction Station, NRSP-6, Sturgeon Bay, Wisconsin.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bamberg, J.B., and D.M. Spooner. 1994. The United States Potato Introduction Station Herbarium. Taxon 43:489–496.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bohs, L, and R.G. Olmstead. 1997. Phylogenetic relationships inSolanum (Solanaceae) based on ndhF sequences. Syst Bot 22:5–17.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bohs, L., and R.G. Olmstead. 1999.Solanum phylogeny inferred from chloroplast DNA sequence phylogeny.In: Nee, M., D.E. Symon, R.N. Lester, and J.P. Jessop (eds), Solanaceae IV, Advances in Biology and Utilization. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK pp. 97–110.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bonierbale, M., W. Ganal, and S.D. Tanksley. 1990. Applications of restriction fragment length polymorphisms and genetic mapping in potato breeding and molecular genetics.In: Vayda, M.E. and W.D. Park(eds), The Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Potato. CAB International, Wallingford, UK pp. 13–24.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bonierbale, M., R.W. Plaisted, and S.D. Tanksley. 1988. RFLP maps based on a common set of clones reveal modes of chromosomal evolution in tomato and potato. Genetics 120:1095–1103.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Borisjuk, N., L. Borisjuk, G. Petjuch, and V. Hemleben. 1994. Comparison of nuclear ribosomal RNA genes amongSolanum species and other Solanaceae. Genome 37:271–279.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brown, C.R. 1993. Origin and history of the potato. Am Potato J 70:363–373.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brücher, H.E. 1989. Refutation of recent creations of microspecies and hybrid taxa in ArgentinianSolanum (sect.Petota). Phytologia 67:220–226.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brücher, H.E. 1990. New contributions to an ancient problem on the origin of the tetraploid potato(Solanum tuberosum L.). Naturwissenschaften 77:497–498.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brummitt, R.K., and C.E. Powell. 1992. Authors of plant names: a list of authors of scientific names of plants, with recommended standard forms of their names, including abbreviations. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK

    Google Scholar 

  • Brush, S., R. Kesseli, R. Ortega, P. Cisneros, K Zimmerer, and C. Quiros. 1995. Potato diversity in the Andean center of crop domestication. Conserv Biol 9:1189–1198.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bryan, G.J., J. McNicoll, G. Ramsay, R.C. Meyer, and W.S. De Jong. 1999. Polymorphic simple sequence repeat markers in chloroplast genomes of Solanaceous plants. Theor Appl Genet 99:859–867.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bukasov, S.M. 1971. Systematics of the potato (In Russian). English translation of article first appearing in Trudy Prikl Bot 62:3–35.In: Kothetar, V.S. (ed.), Systematics, Breeding, and Seed Production of Potatoes. Amerind Publishing Co., New Delhi, India pp. 142.

    Google Scholar 

  • Camadro, E.L., and R.W. Masuelli. 1995. A genetic model for the Endosperm Balance Number (EBN) in the wild potatoS. acaule Bitt. and two related diploid species. Sex Plant Reprod 8:283–288.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Castillo, R.O., and D.M. Spooner. 1997. Phylogenetic relationships of wild potatoes,Solanum seriesConicibaccata (sect.Petota). Syst Bot 22:45–83.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chetelat, R.T., V. Meglic, and P. Cisneros. 2000. A genetic map of tomato based on BC1 Lycopersicum esculentum ×Solanum lycopersicoides reveals overall synteny but suppressed recombination between homologous genomes. Genetics 154:857–867.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Child, A. 1990. A synopsis ofSolanum subgenusPotatoe (G. Don) (D’Arcy)(Tuberarium (Dun.) Bitter (s.l.)). Feddes Repert. 101:209–235.

    Google Scholar 

  • Child, A., and R.N. Lester. 1991. Life form and branching within the Solanaceae.In: Hawkes, J.G., R.N. Lester, M. Nee, and N. Estrada-R.(eds), Solanaceae HI, Taxonomy, Chemistry and Evolution. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK pp. 151–159.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cisneros, P.L., and C.F. Quiros. 1995. Variation and phylogeny of the triploid cultivated potatoSolanum chaucha Juz. et Buk. based on RAPD and isozyme markers. Genet Res Crop Evol 42:373–386.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Clausen, A.M. 1989. Collecting indigenous potato varieties in northwest Argentina. Pl Genet Res News 180:38–39.

    Google Scholar 

  • Clausen, A.M., and J.V. Crisci. 1989. Analisis multivariado de la variacion morfologica de poblaciones diploides y tetraploides deSolanum gourlayi (Solanaceae) y especies relacionadas. Darwiniana 29:247–259.

    Google Scholar 

  • Clausen, A.M., and K.A. Okada. 1990. Electroforesis de proteinas de los tuberculos enSolanum tuberosos silvestres (Solanaceae). Darwiniana 30:163–169.

    Google Scholar 

  • Clausen, A.M., and D.M. Spooner. 1998. Molecular support for the hybrid origin of the wild potato speciesSolanum xrechei. Crop Sci 38:858–865.

    Google Scholar 

  • Contreras-M., A., L. Ciampi, S. Padulosi, and D.M. Spooner. 1993. Potato germplasm collecting expedition to the Guaitecas and Chonos Archipelagos, Chile, 1990. Potato Res 36:309–316.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Contreras-M., A., and D.M. Spooner. 1999. Revision ofSolanum sectionEtuberosum (subgenusPotatoe).In: Nee, M., D.E. Symon, R.N. Lester, and J.P. Jessop (eds), Solanaceae IV, Advances in Biology and Utilization. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK pp. 227–245.

    Google Scholar 

  • Correll, D.S. 1962. The potato and its wild relatives. Contr Texas Res Found Bot Stud 4:1–606.

    Google Scholar 

  • Corriveau, J.L., and A.W. Coleman. 1988. Rapid screening method to detect potential biparental inheritance of plastid DNA and results for over 200 angiosperm species. Am J Bot 75:1443–1458.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Debener, T., F. Salamini, and C. Gebhardt. 1990. Phytogeny of wild and cultivatedSolanum species based on nuclear restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs). Theor Appl Genet 79:360–368.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Debener, T., F. Salamini, and C. Gebhardt. 1991. The use of RFLPs (restriction fragment length polymorphisms) detects germplasm introgressions from wild species into potato (Solanum ssp.Solanum) breeding lines. PI Breed 106:173–181.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Del Rio, AH., J.B. Bamberg, and Z. Huamán. 1997a Assessing changes in the genetic diversity of potato gene banks. 1. Effects of seed increase. Theor Appl Genet 95:191–198.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Del Rio, A.H., J.B. Bamberg, Z. Huamán, A. Salas, and S.E. Vega 1997b Assessing changes in the genetic diversity of potato gene banks. 2. In situ vs ex situ. Theor Appl Genet 95:199–204.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Del Rio, A.H., J.B. Bamberg, Z. Huamán, A. Salas, and S.E. Vega. 2001. Association of eco-geographical variables and RAPD marker variation in wild potato populations in the U.S. Crop Sci. 41:870–878.

    Google Scholar 

  • Demeke, T., D.R. Lynch, L.M. Kawchuk, G.C. Kozub, and J.D. Armstrong. 1996. Genetic diversity of potato determined by random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis. Pl Cell Rep 15:662–667.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Douches, D.S., and K. Ludlam. 1991. Electrophoretic characterization of North American potato cultivars. Am Potato J 68:767–780.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Douches, D.S., R. Freyre, and K. Hicks. 1991. Use of RFLPs to fingerprint North American potato cultivars. Report of the Planning Conference on Application of Molecular Techniques to Potato Germplasm Enhancement, International Potato Center. 1991:166–175.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ehlenfeldt, M.K., and R.E. Hanneman Jr. 1988. Genetic control of Endosperm Balance Number (EBN): three additive loci in a threshold-like system. Theor Appl Genet 75:825–832.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fritz, N.K., and R.E. Hanneman Jr. 1989. Interspecific incompatibility due to stylar barriers in tuber-bearing and closely related non-tuber-bearing Solanums. Sex Plant Reprod 2:184–192.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fulton, T.M., T. Beck-Bunn, D. Emmatty, Y. Eshed, J. Lopez, V. Petiard, J. Uhlig, D. Zamir, and S.D. Tanksley. 1997. QTL analysis of an advanced backcross ofLycopersicum peruvianum to the cultivated tomato and comparisons with QTLs found in other wild species. Theor Appl Genet 95:881–894.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gebhardt, C., C. Blomendahl, U. Schachtschnabel, T. Debener, F. Salamini, and E. Ritter. 1989. Identification of 2n breeding lines and 4n varieties of potato(Solanum tuberosum subsp.tuberosum) with RFLP fingerprints. Theor Appl Genet 78:16–22.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gebhardt, C., E. Ritter, and F. Salamini. 1994. RFLP map of the potato.In: Phillips, R.L., I.K Vasil (eds), DNA-based markers in plants. Kluwer, Dordrecht. Boston, pp. 271–285.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ghislain, M., D. Zhang, D. Fajardo, Z. Huamán, and R.J. Hijmans. 1999. Marker-assisted sampling of cultivated Andean potatoSolanum phureja collection using RAPD markers. Gen Res Crop Evol 46:547–555.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Giannattasio, R.B., and D.M. Spooner. 1994a A reexamination of species boundaries and hypotheses of hybridization concerningSolanum megistacrolobum andS. toralapanum (Solanum seriesMegistacroloba): molecular data. Syst Bot 19:106–115.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Giannattasio, R.B., and D.M. Spooner. 1994b. A reexamination of species boundaries betweenSolanum megistacrolobum andS. toralapanum (Solanum sect.Petota, seriesMegistacroloba): morphological data. Syst Bot 19:89–105.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Godwin, I.D., E.A.B. Aitken, and L.W. Smith. 1997. Application of inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers to plant genetics. Electrophoresis 18:1524–1528.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gorbatenko, L.E. 1989. Systematic conspectus of the sectionPetota Dumort of the genusSolanum L. in South America (in Russian). Trudy Prikl Bot 126:92–108.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gorbatenko, L.E., and J. Hawkes. 1996. The designation of a lectotype for a cultivated potato species,Solanum goniocalyx Juz. & Bukasov. Kew Bull 51:552.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Görg, R., U. Schachtschabel, E. Riter, F. Salamini, and C. Gebhardt. 1992. Discrimination among 136 tetraploid potato varieties by fingerprints using polymorphic DNA markers. Crop Sci 32:815–819.

    Google Scholar 

  • Greene, S.L., and T. Hart. 1996. Plant genetic resources collections: an opportunity for the evolution of global data sets.In: Third international conference/workshop on integrating GIS and environmental modeling. Santa Fe, NM. (CD-ROM and web publication;www. ncgia. ucsb. edu/conf/SANTA_FE_CD-ROM/sf_papers/ greene_stephanie/sgreene. html)

  • Greuter, W., J. McNeill, F.R. Barrie, H.M. Burdett, V. Demoulin, T.S. Filgueiras, D.H. Nicolson, P.C. Silva, J.E. Skpg, P. Trehane, N.J. Turland, D.L. Hawksworth (eds and compilers). 1999. International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (St. Louis Code). Reg Veg 138:1–474.

    Google Scholar 

  • Grun, P. 1990. The evolution of cultivated potatoes.In: Bretting, P.K. (ed), New Perspectives on the Origin and Evolution of New World Domesticated Plants. Econ Bot 3 (Suppl.) 44:39–55.

  • Guarino, L., A. Jarvis, R.J. Hijmans, and N. Maxted. In press. Geographic information systems (GIS) and the conservation and use of plant genetic resources. Proceedings of the International Conference on Science and Technology for mapping plant genetic diversity in the 21st century. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. International Plant Genetic Resources Institute, Rome, Italy.

  • Hamilton, C.W., and S.H. Reichard. 1992. Current practice in the use of subspecies, variety, and form in the classification of wild plants. Taxon 41:485–498.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hamrick, J.L., and M.J.W. Godt. 1997. Allozyme diversity in cultivated crops. Crop Sci 37:26–30.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hanneman Jr., R.E. 1994. Assignment of Endosperm Balance Numbers to the tuber-bearing Solanums and their close non-tuber-bearing relatives. Euphytica 74:19–25.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hanneman Jr., R.E. 1999. The reproductive biology of the potato and its implications for breeding. Potato Res 42:283–312.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hanneman Jr., R.E. and J.B. Bamberg. 1986. Inventory of tuber-bearingSolanum species. Wisconsin Agric Exp Sta Bull 533:1–216.

    Google Scholar 

  • Harding, K. 1991. Restriction enzyme mapping the ribosomal RNA genes inSolanum tuberosum: Potato rDNA restriction enzyme map. Euphytica 54:245–250.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Harding, K. 1992. Detection of ribosomal RNA genes by chemiluminescence inSolanum L.: A rapid and non-radioactive technique for the characterization of potato germplasm. Potato Res 35:199–204.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hawkes, J.G. 1958. Kartoffel. I.In: Kappert, H., and W. Rudorf (eds), Taxonomy, Cytology and Crossability. Hand. Pflanzenzuch., ed. 2, vol. 3, Paul Parey, Berlin, pp. 143.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hawkes, J.G. 1962. Introgression in certain wild potato species. Euphytica 11:752–757.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hawkes, J.G. 1963. A revision of the tuber-bearing Solanums II. Scott Pl Breed Stn Rec 1963:76–181.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hawkes, J.G. 1970. Potatoes.In: Frankle, O.H., and E. Bennett (eds), Genetic Resources in Plants—Their Exploration and Conservation. International Biological Programme Handbook No. 11, F.A. Davies Co., Philadelphia.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hawkes, J.G. 1989. Nomenclatural and taxonomic notes on the infrageneric taxa of the tuber-bearing Solanums. Taxon 38:489–492.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hawkes, J.G. 1990. The Potato: Evolution, Biodiversity and Genetic Resources. Belhaven Press, Washington, DC.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hawkes, J.G. 1991. The evolution of tropical American root and tuber crops with special reference to potatoes.In: Hawkes, J.G., R.N. Lester, M. Nee, and N. Estrada-R. (eds), Solanaceae III, Taxonomy, Chemistry and Evolution. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK pp. 347–356.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hawkes, J.G. 1992a History of the potato.In: Harris, P. (ed.), The Potato Crop: The Scientific Basis for Improvement, ed. 2. Chapman and Hall, London, pp. 1–12.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hawkes, J.G. 1992b. Biosystematics of the potato.In: Harris, P. (ed.), The Potato Crop: The Scientific Basis for Improvement, ed. 2. Chapman and Hall, London, pp. 13–64.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hawkes, J.G. 1992c. William Lobb in Ecuador and the enigma ofSolanum lobbianum. Taxon 41:471–475.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hawkes, J.G. 1993. A Chilean wild potato species and the publication of its name,Solanum maglia (Solanaceae). Taxon 42:671–673.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hawkes, J.G. 1994a. Biodiversity and disease and pest resistance in wild and cultivated potatoes. A case study in genetic resource exploration and utilization. Collecta Clusiana. Ethnobotany and Ethnobiodiversity, Bio Tar-Series 4:54–67.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hawkes, J.G. 1994b. Origins of cultivated potatoes and species relationships.In: Bradshaw, J.E., and G.R. Mackay (eds), Potato-Genetics. CAB International, Wallingford, UK pp. 3–42.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hawkes, J.G. 1997a. Cultivated plant diversity and taxonomy.In: Claridge, M.F., H.A. Dawah, and M.R. Wilson (eds), Species: The Units of Biodiversity. Chapman and Hall, New York. pp. 191–198.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hawkes, J.G. 1997b. A database for wild and cultivated potatoes. Euphytica 93:155–161.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hawkes, J.G., and J.P. Hjerting. 1969. The Potatoes of Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay: a Biosystematic Study. Oxford Univ. Press, Oxford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hawkes, J.G., and J.P. Hjerting. 1989. The Potatoes of Bolivia: Their Breeding Value and Evolutionary Relationships. Oxford Univ. Press, Oxford, UK.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hawkes, J.G. and M.T. Jackson. 1992. Taxonomic and evolutionary implications of the Endosperm Balance Number hypothesis in potatoes. Theor Appl Genet 84:180–185.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hijmans, R.J., K.A. Garrett, Z. Huamán, D.P. Zhang, M. Schreuder, and M. Bonierbale. 2000. Assessing the geographic representativeness of genebank collections: The case of Bolivian wild potatoes. Conserv Biol 14:1755–1765.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hijmans, R.J., M. Schreuder, J. de la Cruz, and L. Guarino. 1999. Using GIS to check co-ordinates of genebank accessions. Gen Res Crop Evol 46:291–296.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hillis, D.M., C. Moritz, and B.K Mable. 1996. Molecular Systematics of Plants, ed. 2. Sinauer Associates, Inc., Sunderland, MA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoekstra, R., and L. Scidewitz. 1987. Evaluation data on tuber-bearingSolanum species. Inst Pflanzenbau Pflanzenzüchtung der FAL -Stichting voor Plantenveredeling (SVP).

  • Hosaka, K. 1986. Who is the mother of the potato? — Restriction endonuclease analysis of chloroplast DNA of cultivated potatoes. Theor Appl Genet 72:606–618.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hosaka, K. 1993. Similar introduction and incorporation of potato chloroplast DNA into Japan and Europe. Japan J Genet 68:55–61.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hosaka, K 1995. Successive domestication and evolution of the Andean potatoes as revealed by chloroplast DNA restriction site analysis. Theor Appl Genet 90:356–363.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hosaka, K., G.A. de Zoeten, and R.E. Hanneman Jr. 1988. Cultivated potato chloroplast DNA differs from the wild type by one deletion—evidence and implications. Theor Appl Genet 75:741–745.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hosaka, K., and R.E. Hanneman Jr. 1988. The origin of the cultivated tetraploid potato based on chloroplast DNA. Theor Appl Genet 76:172–176.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hosaka, K., and R.E. Hanneman Jr. 1991. Seed protein variation within accessions of wild and cultivated potato species and inbredSolanum chacoense. Potato Res 34:419–428.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hosaka, K., M. Mori, and K. Ogawa. 1994. Genetic relationships of Japanese potato cultivars assessed by RAPD analysis. Amer Potato J 71:535–546.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hosaka, K., and K. Ogawa 1994. Genetic diversity in Japanese and North American potato cultivars evaluated by RAPD analysis. Science Rep Fac Agric Kobe Univ 21:3942.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hosaka, K., Y. Ogihara, M. Matsubayashi, and K. Tsunewaki. 1984. Phylogenetic relationship between the tuberousSolanum species as revealed by restriction endonuclease analysis of chloroplast DNA. Japan J Genet 59:349–369.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hosaka, K., and D.M. Spooner. 1992. RFLP analysis of the wild potato species,Solanum acaule Bitter(Solanum sect.Petota). Theor Appl Genet 84:851–858.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Huamán, Z. 1986. Conservation of potato genetic resources at CIP. CIP Circular 14(2): 1–7.

    Google Scholar 

  • Huamán, Z. 1998. Collection, maintenance and evaluation of potato genetic resources. Pl Var Seeds 11:29–38.

    Google Scholar 

  • Huamán, Z., A. Golmirzaie, and W. Amoros. 1997. The potato.In: Fuccillo, D., L. Sears, and P. Stapleton (eds), Biodiversity in trust: conservation and use of plant genetic resources in CGIAR Centres. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 21–28.

    Google Scholar 

  • Huamán Z., R. Hoekstra, and J. Bamberg. 2000a. The Inter-genebank potato database and the dimensions of “available” wild potato germplasm. Am J Potato Res 77:353–362.

    Google Scholar 

  • Huamán, Z., R. Ortiz, and R. Gómez. 2000b. Selecting aSolanum tuberosum subsp.andigena core collection using morphological, geographical, disease and pest descriptors. Am J Potato Res 77:183–190.

    Google Scholar 

  • Huamán, Z., R. Ortiz, D. Zhang, and F. Rodríguez. 2000c. Isozyme analysis of the entire and core collections ofSolanum tuberosum subsp.andigena potato cultivars. Crop Sci 40:273–276.

    Google Scholar 

  • Huamán, Z., and H. Stegemann. 1989. Use of electrophoretic analyses to verify morphologically identical clones in a potato collection. Pl Var Seeds 2:155–161.

    Google Scholar 

  • Institute for Scientific Information. 1998. ProCite version 4.0.2. Research Information Systems, Carlsbad, CA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Irikura, Y. 1976. Cytogenetic studies on the haploid plants of the tuber-bearingSolanum species. II. Cytogenetic investigations on haploid plants and interspecific hybrids by utilizing haploidy (in Japanese, with English summary). Res Bull Hokkaido Natl Agr Exp Stn 115:1–80.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jackson, M.T., J.G. Hawkes, and P.R. Rowe. 1977. The nature ofSolanum xchaucha Juz. et Buk., a triploid cultivated potato of the South American Andes. Euphytica 26:775–783.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jacobs, J.M.E., H.J. van Eck, P. Arens, B. Verkerk-Bakker, B. te Lintel Hekkert, H.J.M. Bastiaanssen, A. El-Kharbotly, A. Periera, E. Jacobsen, and W.J. Stiekema. 1995. A genetic map of potato(Solanum tuberosum) integrating molecular markers, including transposons, and classical markers. Theor Appl Genet 91:289–300.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jansky, S.H. 2000. Breeding for disease resistance in potato. Plant Breed Rev 19:69–155.

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnston, S.A., T.P.M. den Nijs, S.J. Peloquin, and R.E. Hanneman Jr. 1980. The significance and genic balance to endosperm development in interspecific crosses. Theor Appl Genet 57:5–9.

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnston, S.A, and R.E. Hanneman Jr. 1980. Support of the Endosperm Balance Number Hypothesis using some tuber-bearingSolanum species. Amer Potato J 57:7–14.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Johnston, S.A., and R.E. Hanneman Jr. 1996. Genetic control of Endosperm Balance Number (EBN) in the Solanaceae based on trisomic and mutation analysis. Genome 39:314–321.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Johnston, S.A., and R.E. Hanneman, Jr. 1999. The nature of the genetic control of Endosperm Balance Number based on aneuploid analysis inDatura. Sex Plant Reprod 12:71–75.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jones, P.G., S.E. Beebe, J. Thome, and N.W. Galwey. 1997. The use of geographic information systems in biodiversity exploration and conservation. Biodiv Conserv 6:947–958.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jones, P.G., and A. Gladkov. 1999. FloraMap: A computer tool for the distribution of plants and other organisms in the wild. Centro International de Agricultura Tropical, Cali, Colombia.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kardolus, J.P. 1998. A biosystematic analysisof Solanum acaule. Ph.D. Thesis, Wageningen Agricultural University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kardolus, J.P. 1999. Morphological variation within seriesAcaulia Juz.(Solanum sect.Petota). In: Nee, M., D.E. Symon, R.N. Lester, and J.P. Jessop (eds), Solanaceae IV, Advances in biology and Utilization. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. pp. 257–274.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kardolus, J.P., and N. Bezem. 1998. The floral abscission zone in seriesAcaulia and related taxaof Solanum sectionPetota. Can J Bot 76:1424–1432.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kardolus, J.P., and N. Groendijk-Wilders. 1998. The inflorescence architecture ofSolanum acaule and related taxaof Solanum sectionPetota (Solanaceae). Acta Bot Neerl 47:195–207.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kardolus, J.P., H.J. van Eck, and R.G. van den Berg. 1998. The potential of AFLPs in biosystematics: a first application inSolanum taxonomy (Solanaceae). Pl Syst Evol 210:87–103.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Karp, A., S. Kresovich, K.V. Bhat, W.G. Ayad, and T. Hodgkin. 1997. Molecular tools in plant genetic resources conservation: a guide to the technologies. IPGRI Tech Bull 2:147.

    Google Scholar 

  • Katsiotis, A., R.E. Hanneman Jr., and R.A. Fosberg. 1995. Endosperm Balance Number and the polar-nuclei activation hypotheses for endosperm development in interspecific crosses of Solanaceae and Gramineae, respectively. Theor Appl Genet 91:848–855.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kawagoe, Y., and Y. Kikuta1991. Chloroplast DNA evolution in potato(Solanum tuberosum L.). Theor Appl Genet 81:13–20.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kehoe, H.W. 1986. Inventory of potato variety collections in EC countries. Commission of the EC, Brussels. Balkema, Rotterdam/ Boston.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kim, J.H., H. Joung, and Y.P. Lim. 1998. Estimation of genetic variation and relationship in potato(Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivars using AFLP markers. Amer J Potato Res 75:107–112.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lester, R.N. 1991. Evolutionary relationships of tomato, potato, pepino, and wild species ofLycopersicon andSolanum.In: Hawkes, J.G., R.N. Lester, M. Nee, and N. Estrada-R. (eds), Solanaceae III, Taxonomy, Chemistry and Evolution. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK pp. 283–301.

    Google Scholar 

  • Livingston, K.D., V.K. Lackney, J.R. Blauth, R. van Wijk, and M.K. Jahn. 1999. Genome mapping inCapsicum and evolution of genome structure in the Solanaceae. Genetics 152:1183–1202.

    Google Scholar 

  • López, L.E. and J.G. Hawkes. 1991a Intra- and inter-specific crossability and fertility of wild tuber-bearingSolanum species in the seriesConicibaccata.In: Hawkes, J.G., R.N. Lester, M. Nee, and N. Estrada-R. (eds), Solanaceae III, Taxonomy, Chemistry and Evolution. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK. pp. 303–326

    Google Scholar 

  • López, L.E. and J.G. Hawkes. 1991b. Cytology and genome constitution of the tuber-bearingSolanum, species in seriesConicibaccata.In: Hawkes, J.G., R.N. Lester, M. Nee, and N. Estrada-R. (eds), Solanaceae III, Taxonomy, Chemistry and Evolution. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK. pp.327–346.

    Google Scholar 

  • Macias-M., M., R. Mancilla-T., and A. Contreras-M. 1989. Identificacion de clones de papa chilena(Solanum ssp.Petota) por electroforesis de proteinas y esterasas. Agro Sur 17:56–63.

    Google Scholar 

  • Malkamaki, U., M.S. Clark, H. Rita, J.P.T. Valkonen, and E. Pehu. 1996. Analyses of solanaceous species using repetitive genomic DNA sequences isolated fromSolanum brevidens. Plant Sci Shannon 1996:121–129.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mandolino, G., S. de Marco, V. Faeti, M. Bagatta, A. Carboni, and P. Ranalli. 1996. Stability of fingerprints ofSolanum tuberosum plants derived from conventional tubers and vitrotubers. Pl Breed 115:439–444.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Marks, G.E. 1955. Cytogenetic studies in tuberousSolanum species. I. Genomic differentiation in the GroupDemissa. J Genet 53:262–269.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Matsubayashi, M. 1991. Phylogenetic relationships in the potato and its related species.In: Tsuchiya, T. and P.K Gupta (eds), Chromosome Engineering in Plants: Genetics, Breeding, Evolution, part B. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp. 93–118.

    Google Scholar 

  • McGregor, C.E., C.A. Lambert, M.M. Greyling, J.H. Louw, and L. Warnich. 2000. A comparative assessment of DNA fingerprinting techniques (RAPD, ISSR, AFLP and SSR) in tetraploid potato(Solanum tuberosum L.) germplasm. Euphytica 113:135–144.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Milbourne, D., R. Meyer, J.E. Bradshaw, E. Baird, N. Bonar, J. Provan, W. Powell, and R. Waugh. 1997. Comparison of PCR-based marker systems for the analysis of genetic relationships in cultivated potato. Mol Breed 3:127–136.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Milbourne, D., R.C. Meyer, A.J. Collins, L.D. Ramsay, C. Gebhardt, and R. Waugh. 1998. Isolation, characterization and mapping of simple sequence repeat loci in potato. Mol Gen Genet 259:233–245.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Miller, J.T., and D.M. Spooner. 1996. Introgression ofSolanum chacoense (Solanum sect.Petota): upland populations reexamined. Syst Bot 21:461–475.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Miller, J.T., and D.M. Spooner. 1999. Collapse of species boundaries in the wild potatoSolanum brevicaule complex (Solanaceae,S. sect.Petota): molecular data. Pl Syst Evol 214:103–130.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mori, M., K.A. Hosaka, Y. Umemura, and C. Kaneda. 1993. Rapid identification of Japanese potato cultivars by RAPDs. Japan J Genet 68:167–174.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Moscone, E.A. 1992. Estudios de chromosomas en Solanaceae de Argentina. Darwiniana 31:261–297.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nee, M. 1999. Synopsis ofSolanum in the New World.In: Nee, M., D.E. Symon, R.N. Lester, and J.P. Jessop (eds), Solanaceae IV, Advances in Biology and Utilization. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK. pp. 285–333.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nishiyama, I., and T. Yabuno. 1978. Causal relationships between the polar nuclei in double fertilization and interspecific cross-incompatibility. Cytologia 43:453–466.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ochoa, C.M. 1959. Nuevas especies deSolanum (Tuberarium, subsec.Hyperbasarthrum) del Peru. Agronomia (Lima) 26:312–322.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ochoa, C.M. 1962. LosSolanum tuberíferos del Perú (Secc.Tuberarium, Sub-secc.Hyperbasarthrum). Privately Published, Lima, Peru.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ochoa, C.M. 1975. Las papas cultivadas triploides deSolanum xchaucha y su distribucíon geográfica en el Perú. Anales Cient. UNA 13:31–44.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ochoa, C.M. 1989aSolanum amayanum: a new wild Peruvian potato species. Am Potato J 66:1–4.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ochoa, C.M. 1989b.Solanum salasianum: new wild tuber-bearing species from Peru. Am Potato J 66:235–238.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ochoa, C.M. 1989c.Solanum seriesSimplicissima, nueva serie tuberifera de la sect.Petota (Solanaceae). Rev Acad Colomb Ci Exact 17:321–323.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ochoa, C.M. 1989d. Change of name in tuber-bearingSolanum. Phytologia 67:235.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ochoa, C.M. 1990a [actual release date 13 June 1991]. The Potatoes of South America: Bolivia. Cambridge University Press, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ochoa, C.M. 1990b.Solanum serratoris: A new wild Ecuadorian potato species. Am Potato J 67:381–383.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ochoa, C.M. 1992a. New synonyms in the tuber bearingSolanum. Phytologia 73:166–168.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ochoa, C.M. 1992b. Determinations of chromosome number (2n) and Endosperm Balance Number (EBN) in some little known tuber bearingSolanum. Phytologia 73:180–182.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ochoa, C.M. 1992c.Solanum lobbianum Bitter, a little known Colombian tuber bearing species. Phytologia 73:183–185.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ochoa, C.M. 1992d.Solanum saxatilis, a new wild potato species from Peru. Phytologia 73:378–380.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ochoa, C.M. 1993. Karyotaxonomic studies on wild Ecuadorian tuber-bearingSolanum, Sect.Petota. Phytologia 75:422–431.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ochoa, C.M. 1994a.Solanum arahuayum (sect.Petota), nova specie Peruviana. Phytologia 77:96–98.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ochoa, C.M. 1994b. New taxa in sectionPetota ofSolanum. Phytologia 77:390–392.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ochoa, C.M. 1998.Solanum ortegae, a new Peruvian species from sect.Petota. Phytologia 85:271–272.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ochoa, C.M. 1999. Las papas de sudamerica: Peru (Parte I). International Potato Center, Lima, Peru.

  • Ochoa, C.M. 2000.Solanum hygrothermicum, an endangered cultivated potato species. Econ Bot 54: 228.

    Google Scholar 

  • Oganisyan, A.S., E.Z. Kochieva, and A.P. Ryskov. 1996. Fingerprinting potato species and cultivars using the RAPD-PCR method. Russ J Genet 32:448–451 (translated from Genetica [Moscow] 32:448–451).

    Google Scholar 

  • Okada, K.A., and J.G. Hawkes. 1978.Solanum xrechei, especie silvestre de papas de origin hibrido de la Sierra de Famatina (Provincia de la Rioja, Argentina). Kurtziana 11:55–74.

    Google Scholar 

  • Olmstead, R.G., and J.D. Palmer. 1992. A chloroplast DNA phylogeny of the Solanaceae: Subfamilial relationships and character evolution. Ann Missouri Bot Gard 79:346–360.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Olmstead, R.G., and J.D. Palmer. 1997. Implications for the phylogeny, classification, and biogeography ofSolanum from cpDNA restriction site variation. Syst Bot 22:19–29.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Olmstead, R.G., J.A. Sweere, R.E Spangler, L. Bohs, and J.D. Palmer. 1999. Phylogeny and provisional classification of the Solanaceae based on chloroplast DNAIn: Nee, M., D.E. Symon, R.N. Lester, and J.P. Jessop (eds), Solanaceae IV, Advances in Biology and Utilization. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK. pp. 111–137.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ortiz, R., and M. Ehlenfeldt. 1992. The importance of Endosperm Balance Number in potato breeding and the evolution of tuber-bearingSolanum species. Euphytica 60:105–113.

    Google Scholar 

  • Peralta, I.E., and D.M. Spooner. In press.Waxy gene phylogeny of wild tomatoes(Solanum L. sectionLycopersicum [Mill.] Wettst. subsectionLycopersicum). Am J Bot.

  • Perez, F., A. Menendez, P. Dehal, and C.F. Quiros. 1999. Genomic structural differentiation inSolanum: comparative mapping of the A and E genomes. Theor Appl Genet 98:1183–1193.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Petersen, H.W., P.A. Mølgaard, U. Nyman, and C.E. Olsen. 1993. Chemotaxonomy of the tuber-bearingSolanum species, subsectionPotatoe (Solanaceae). Biochem Syst Ecol 21:629–644.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Powell, W., E. Baird, N. Duncan, and R. Waugh. 1993. Chloroplast DNA variability in old and recently introduced potato cultivars. Ann Appl Bot 123:403–410.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Powell, W., M.S. Phillips, J.W. McNicol, and R. Waugh. 1991. The use of DNA markers to estimate the extent and nature of genetic variability inSolanum tuberosum cultivars. Ann Appl Biol 118:423–432.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Prevost, A., and M.J. Wilkinson. 1999. A new system of comparing PCR primers applied to ISSR fingerprinting of potato cultivars. Theor Appl Genet 98:107–112.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Provan, J., W. Powell, and R. Waugh. 1996a Microsatellite analysis of relationships within cultivated potato(Solanum tuberosum). Theor Appl Genet 92:1078–1084.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Provan, J., W. Powell, and R. Waugh. 1996b. Analysis of cultivated potato(Solanum tuberosum) using intermicrosatellite amplification. Genome 39:767–769.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Quiros, C.F., S.B. Brush, D.S. Douches, K.S. Zimmerer, and G. Huestis. 1990. Biochemical and folk assessment of variability of Andean cultivated potatoes. Econ Bot 44:254–266.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Quiros, C.F., A. Ceada, A. Georgescu, and J. Hu. 1993. Use of RAPD markers in potato genetics: segregations in diploid and tetraploid families. Am Potato J 70:3542.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Quiros, C.F., R. Ortega, L. van Raamsdonk, M.E. Herrera, P. Cisneros, E. Schmidt, and S.B. Brush. 1992. Increase of potato genetic resources in their center of diversity: The role of natural outcrossing and selection by the Andean farmer. Genet Res Crop Evol 39:107–113.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rabinowitz, D., C.R. Linder, R. Ortega, D. Begazo, H. Murguia, D.S. Douches, and C.F. Quiros. 1990. High levels of interspecific hybridization betweenSolanum sparsipilum andS. stenotomum in experimental plots in the Andes. Am Potato J 67:73–81.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rodríguez-C, A., and O. Vargas-P. 1994. Las especies de papa silvestre(Solanum. L. seccionPetota Dumortier) en Jalisco. Bol Inst Bot 2:1–68.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rodríguez-C, A., O. Vargas, E. Villegas, and D.M. Spooner. 1995. Wild potato(Solanum sect.Petota) germplasm collecting expedition to Mexico in 1993, with special reference toSolanum bulbocastanum Dunal andS. cardiophyllum Lindley. Potato Res 38:47–52.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rodríguez-C, A. and D.M. Spooner. 1997. Chloroplast DNA analysis ofSolanum bulbocastanum andS. cardiophyllum, and evidence for the distinctiveness ofS. cariophyllum subsp.ehrenbergii (sect.Petota). Syst Bot 22:3143.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ross, H. 1986. Potato breeding — Problems and perspectives. Adv Plant Breed Suppl. 13. Verlag, Paul Parey, Berlin.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rouppe van der Voort, J.N.A.M., H.J. van Eck, J. Draaistra, P.M. van Zandvoort, E. Jacobsen, and J. Bakker. 1998. An online catalogue of AFLP markers covering the potato genome. Mol Breed 4:73–77.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ruiz de Galerreta, J.I., A. Carrasco, A. Salazar, I. Barrena, E. Iturritxa, R. Marquinez, F.J. Legorburu, and E. Ritter. 1998. WildSolanum species as resistance sources against different pathogens of potato. Potato Res 41:57–68.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Salas, A.R., D.M. Spooner, Z. Huamán, R.V. Torres-M., R. Hoekstra, K. Schüler, and R. J. Hijmans. In press. Taxonomy and new genetic resources of wild potato collections in central Peru (Departments of Ancash, Huancavelica, La Libertad, Lima) in 1999, and data on collections in southern Peru in 1998. Am Potato J.

  • Sangowama, B.G. 1989. Meiotic studies in a wild tetraploid potato(Solanum hjertingii Hawkes). Cytologia 54:617–626.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schneider, K, and D.S. Douches. 1997. Assessment of PCR-based simple sequence repeats to fingerprint North American potato cultivars. Am Potato J 74:149–160.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schweitzer, G., N. Borisjuk, L. Borisjuk, M. Stadler, T. Stelzer, L. Schilde, and V. Hemleben. 1993. Molecular anlaysis of highly repeated genome fractions inSolanum and their use as markers for the characterization of species and cultivars. Theor Appl Genet 85:801–808.

    Google Scholar 

  • Simmonds, N.W. 1969. Variegated mutant plastid chimeras of potatoes. Heredity 24:303–306.

    Google Scholar 

  • Skov, F. 2000. Potential plant distribution mapping based on climatic similarity. Taxon 49:503–515.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sokal, R.R., and R.R. Sneath. 1963. Principles of Numerical Taxonomy. Freeman, San Francisco.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sosinski, B., and D.S. Douches. 1996. Using polymerase chain reaction-based DNA amplification to fingerprint North American potato cultivars. Hortscience 31:130–133.

    Google Scholar 

  • Spooner, D.M 1994. Germplasm availability, species boundaries, and interrelationships of wild and cultivated potatoes(Solanum sect.Petota).In: Fortunato, R., N. Bacigalupo, J.C. Gamerro, and I. Gamundí (eds), Proceedings of the IV Congreso Latinoamericano de Botánica. Monogr Syst Bot Missouri Bot Gard 68:477–487.

  • Spooner, D.M., G.J. Anderson, and R.K. Jansen. 1993a. Chloroplast DNA evidence for the interrelationships of tomatoes, potatoes, and pepinos (Solanaceae). Am J Bot 80:676–688.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Spooner, D.M., and J.B. Bamberg. 1994. Potato genetic resources: sources of resistance and systematics. Am Potato J 71:325–337.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Spooner, D.M., J.B. Bamberg, J.P. Hjerting, and J. Gómez. 1991a. Mexico, 1988 potato germplasm collecting expedition and utility of the Mexican potato species. Am Potato J 68:29–44.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Spooner, D.M. and R.T. Castillo-T. 1997. Reexamination of series relationships of South American wild potatoes (Solanaceae:Solanum sect.Petota): Evidence from chloroplast DNA restriction site variation. Am J Bot 84:671–685.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Spooner, D.M., R. Castillo-T., and J. López-L. 1992a Ecuador, 1991 potato germplasm collecting expedition: taxonomy and new germplasm resources. Euphytica 60:159–169.

    Google Scholar 

  • Spooner, D.M., R. Castillo-T, and J. López-J. 1993b. Synonymy within wild potatoes(Solanum sect.Petota: Solanaceae): The case ofSolanum andreanum. Syst Bot 18:209–217.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Spooner, D.M., R. Castillo-T, L. López-J., R. Pineda, R. León-P., A. Vargas, M.L. Garcia, and J.B. Bamberg. 1995a. Colombia and Venezuela 1992 wild potato(Solanum sect.Petota) germplasm collecting expedition: taxonomy and new germplasm resources. Euphytica 81:45–56.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Spooner, D.M., and A.M. Clausen. 1993. Wild potato(Solanum sect.Petota) germplasm collecting expedition to Argentina in 1990, and status of Argentinian potato germplasm resources. Potato Res 36:3–12.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Spooner, D.M., A. Conteras-M., and J.B. Bamberg. 1991b. Potato germplasm collecting expedition to Chile, 1989, and utility of the Chilean species. Am Potato J 68:681–690.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Spooner, D.M., D.S. Douches, and A. Contreras-M. 1992b. Allozyme variation withinSolanum sect.Petota, seriesEtuberosa (Solanaceae). Am J Bot 79:467–471.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Spooner, D.M., R. Hoekstra, R. van den Berg, and V. Martínez. 1998.Solanum sect.Petota in Guatemala: taxonomy and genetic resources. Am J Potato Res 75:3–17.

    Google Scholar 

  • Spooner, D.M., R. Hoekstra, and B. Vilchez. 2001a.Solanum sectionPetota in Costa Rica: Taxonomy and genetic resources. Am J Potato Res 78:91–98.

    Google Scholar 

  • Spooner, D.M., A. Rivera-Peña, R.G. van den Berg, and K Schüler. 2000. Potato germplasm collecting expedition to Mexico in 1997: Taxonomy and new germplasm resources. Am J Potato Res 77:261–270.

    Google Scholar 

  • Spooner, D.M., A.R. Salas, Z. Huamán, and R.J. Hijmans. 1999. Wild potato collecting expedition in southern Peru (Departments of Apurímac, Arequipa, Cusco, Moquegua, Puno, Tacna) in 1998: taxonomy and new genetic resources. Am J Potato Res 76:103–119.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Spooner, D.M., and K.J. Sytsma1992. Reexamination of series relationships of Mexican and Central American wild potatoes(Solanum sect.Petota): evidence from chloroplast DNA restriction site variation. Syst Bot 17:432–448.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Spooner, D.M., K.J. Sytsma, and E. Conti. 1991c. Chloroplast DNA evidence for genome differentiation in wild potatoes(Solanum. sect.Petota: Solanaceae). Am J Bot 78:1354–1366.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Spooner, D.M., K.J. Sytsma, and J.F. Smith. 1991d. A molecular reexamination of diploid hybrid speciation ofSolanum raphanifolium. Evolution 45:757–763.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Spooner, D.M., J. Tivang, J. Nienhuis, J.T. Miller, D.S. Douches, and A. Contreras-M. 1996. Comparison of four molecular markers in measuring relationships among the wild potato relativesSolanum sectionEtuberosum (subgenusPotatoe). Theor Appl Genet 92:532–540.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Spooner, D.M., M.L. Ugarte, and P.W. Skroch. 1997. Species boundaries and interrelationships of two closely related sympatric diploid wild potato species,Solanum astleyi andS. boliviense, based on RAPDs. Theor Appl Genet 95:764–771.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Spooner, D.M., and R.G. van den Berg. 1992a. An analysis of recent taxonomic concepts in wild potatoes(Solanum sect.Petota). Genet Res Crop Evol 39:23–37.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Spooner, D.M., and R. van den Berg. 1992b. Species limits and hypotheses of hybridization ofSolanum berthaultii Hawkes andSolanum tarijense Hawkes: Morphological data. Taxon 41:685–700.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Spooner, D.M. and R.G. van den Berg. In press a Quantitative assessment of corolla shape variation in MexicanSolanum sect.Petota.In: Van den Berg, R.G., G.M. van der Weerden, G.W.M. Barendse, and C. Mariani (eds), Solanaceae V: Proceedings of the Vth International Solanaceae Conference, July 23–29, 2000, Nijmegen. Nijmegen University Press, The Netherlands.

  • Spooner, D.M., R. van den Berg, and J.B. Bamberg. 1995b. Examination of species boundaries ofSolanum seriesDemissa and potentially related species in seriesAcaulia and seriesTuberosa (sect.Petota). Syst Bot 20:295–314.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Spooner, D.M., R.G. van den Berg, W. García, and M.L. Ugarte. 1994. Bolivia potato germplasm collection expeditions 1993, 1994: Taxonomy and new germplasm resources. Euphytica 79:137–148.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Spooner, D.M., R.G. van den Berg, and J.T. Miller. 2001b. Species and series boundaries ofSolanum seriesLongipedicellata (Solanaceae) and phenetically similar species in seriesDemissa and seriesTuberosa: Implications for a practical taxonomy of SectionPetota. Amer J Bot.

  • Spooner, D.M., R.G. Van den Berg, A. Rivera-Peña, P. Velguth, A. del Rio, and A.R. Salas. In press b. Taxonomy of Mexican and Central American Members ofSolanum SeriesConicibaccata (sect.Petota). Syst Bot.

  • Stadler, M., T. Stadler, N. Borisjul, C. Zanke, L. Schilde-Rentschler, and V. Hemleben. 1995. Distribution of novel and known repeated elements ofSolanum and applications for the identification of somatic hybrids amongSolanum species. Theor Appl Genet 91:1271–1278.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Staub, J.E., F.C. Serquen, and M. Gupta. 1996. Genetic markers, map construction, and their application in plant breeding. Hortscience 31:729–741.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stuessy, T.F. 1990. Plant taxonomy: The systematic evaluation of comparative data. Columbia University Press, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tanksley, S.D., M.W. Ganal, J.P. Prince, M.C. de Vicente, M.W. Bonierbale, P. Broun, T.M. Fulton, J.J. Giovannoni, S. Grandillo, G.B. Martin, R. Messeguer, J.C. Miller, L. Miller, A.H. Patterson, O. Pineda, M.S. Röder, R.A. Wing, W. Wu, and N.D. Young. 1992. High density molecular linkage maps of the tomato and potato genomes. Genetics 132:1141–1160.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ugent, D. 1970a The potato. Science 170:1161–1166.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ugent, D. 1970b.Solanum raphanifolium, a Peruvian wild potato species of hybrid origin. Bot Gaz (Crawfordsville) 131:225–233.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ugent, D., T. Dillehay, and C. Ramírez. 1987. Potato remains from a late Pleistocene settlement in south central Chile. Econ Bot 4:17–27.

    Google Scholar 

  • United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service. 2000. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN); http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/croplist.pl. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.

    Google Scholar 

  • Valkonen, J.P.T. 1994. Nuclear DNA content of theSolanum spp. in the seriesEtuberosa as determined by laser flow cytometry. Ann Appl Biol 125:589–600.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Valkonen, J.P.T., M. Orrillo, S.A. Slack, R.L. Plaisted, and K.N. Watanabe. 1995. Resistance to viruses in F1 hybrids produced by direct crossing between diploidSolanum seriesTuberosa and diploidS. brevidens (seriesEtuberosa) usingS. phureja for rescue pollination. Plant Breed. 114: 421–426.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Van den Berg, R.G. and N. Groendijk-Wilders. 1993. Light sprout morphology of wild tuberiferousSolanum species. Acta Bot Neerl 42:37–49.

    Google Scholar 

  • Van den Berg, R.G., and N. Groendijk-Wilders. 1999. Numerical analysis of the taxa of seriesCircaeifolia (Solanum sect.Petota).In: Nee, M., D.E. Symon, R.N. Lester, and J.P. Jessop (eds), Solanaceae IV, Advances in Biology and Utilization. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK. pp. 213–226.

    Google Scholar 

  • Van den Berg, R.G., N. Groendijk-Wilders, and J.P. Kardolus. 1996. The wild ancestors of cultivated potato: The brevicaule-complex. Acta Bot Neerl 45:157–171.

    Google Scholar 

  • Van den Berg, R.G., N. Groendijk-Wilders, M.J. Zevenbergen, and D.M. Spooner. In press. Molecular systematicsof Solanum seriesCircaeifolia (Solanum SectionPetota) based On AFLP and RAPD Markers.In: Van den Berg, R.G., G.M. van der Weerden, G.W.M. Barendse, and C. Mariani (eds), Solanaceae V: Proceedings of the Fifth International Solanaceae Conference, July 23–29, 2000, Nijmegen. Nijmegen University Press, The Netherlands.

  • Van den Berg, R.G., J.T. Miller, M.L. Ugarte, J.P. Kardolus, J. Villand, J. Nienhuis, and D.M. Spooner. 1998. Collapse of morphological species in the wild potatoSolanum brevicaule complex (Solanaceae: Sect.Petota). Am J Bot 85:92–109.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Van den Berg, R.G., and D.M. Spooner. 1992. A reexamination of infraspecific taxa of a wild potato,Solanum microdontum (Solanum sect.Petota: Solanaceae). Pl Syst Evol 182:239–252.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Van der Heijden, G.W.A.M., and R.G. van den Berg. 1997. Quantitative assessment of corolla shape variation inSolanum sect.Petota by computer image analysis. Taxon 46:49–64.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Van Eck, H.J., J.R. van der Voort, J. Draaistra, P. van Zandvoort, E. van Enckevort, B. Segers, J. Peleman, E. Jacobsen, J. Helder, and J. Bakker. 1995. The inheritance and chromosomal location of AFLP markers in a non-inbred potato offspring. Mol Breed 1:397–410.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Watanabe, K., and S.J. Peloquin. 1989. Occurrence of 2n pollenand ps gene frequencies in cultivated groups and their related wild species in tuber-bearing Solanums. Theor Appl Genet 78:329–336.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Watanabe, K., and S.J. Peloquin. 1991. The occurrence and frequency of 2n pollen in 2x, 4x, and 6x wild, tuber-bearingSolanum species from Mexico, and Central and South America. Theor Appl Genet 82:621–626.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Waugh, R., D.R. Glendinning, N. Duncan, and W. Powell. 1990. Chloroplast DNA variation in European potato cultivars. Potato Res 33:505–513.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wendel, J.F., and J.J. Doyle. 1998. Phylogenetic incongruence: window into genome history and molecular evolution.In: Soltis, D.E., P.S. Soltis, and J.J. Doyle (eds), Molecular Systematics of Plants II: DNA Sequencing. pp. 265–296.

  • Wilkinson, M.J., A. Donnelly, and I. Black 1994. The Commonwealth Potato Collection (CPC). Inventory for 1994. Scottish Crop Research Institute, Invergowrie, UK.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wolfe, A.D., and A Liston. 1998. Contributions of PCR-based methods to plant systematics and evolutionary biology.In: Soltis, P.S. and J.J. Doyle (eds), Plant Molecular Systematics II: DNA sequencing. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, pp. 43–86.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zimmerer, K.S., and D.S. Douches. 1991. Geographical approaches to crop conservation: the partitioning of genetic diversity in Andean potatoes. Econ Bot 45:176–189.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. USDA, Agricultural Research Service,Department of Horticulture, University of Wisconsin, 1575 Linden Drive, 53706-1590, Madison, WI

    David M. Spooner

  2. International Potato Center (CIP), Apartado 1558, 12, La Molina, Lima, Peru

    Robert J. Hijmans

Authors
  1. David M. Spooner
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Robert J. Hijmans
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to David M. Spooner.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Spooner, D.M., Hijmans, R.J. Potato systematics and germplasm collecting, 1989–2000. Amer J of Potato Res 78, 237–268 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02875691

Download citation

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02875691

Key Words

Search

Navigation