Skip to main content
Log in

Effect of Peroxynitrite on dormant spores and germlings ofAspergillus fumigatus in vitro

  • Papers
  • Published:
Folia Microbiologica Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Peroxynitrite was tested for its effects on the opportunistic pathogenic fungusAspergillus fumigatus. It did not kill any dormant or swollen (4 h in a glucose-peptone medium) conidia in concentrations up to 6.25 mmol/L and the growth of germlings (after 6 or 9 h) was only slightly inhibited by 5 mmol/L peroxynitrite. The peroxynitrite donor SIN-1 (up to 10 mmol/L, I d in buffer) did not kill any conidia but inhibited their germination and growth, depending on the medium. Ten mmol/L SIN-1 in a poor medium was fungistatic and germination was stopped for 20 h. Nine strains ofA. fumigatus showed resistance comparable to the model strain, while 6Candida albicans strains were much more susceptible to both peroxynitrite and its donor. The results indicate that peroxynitrite does not contribute substantially to the antifungal activity of phagocytes againstA. fumigatus.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Assreuy J., Cunha F.Q., Epperlein M., Noronha-Dutra A., O'Donnell C.A., Liew F.Y., Moncada S.: Production of nitric oxide and superoxide by activated macrophages and killing ofLeishmania major.Eur. J. Immunol. 24, 672–676 (1994).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bartosz G.: Peroxynitrite: mediator of the toxic action of nitric oxide.Acta Biochim. Polon. 43, 645–659 (1996).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bocca A.L., Hayashi E.E., Pinheiro A.G., Furlanetto A.B., Campanelli A.P., Cunha F.Q., Figuereido F.: Treatment ofParacoccidioides brasiliensis-infected mice with a nitric oxide inhibitor prevents the failure of cell-mediated immune response.J. Immunol. 161, 3056–3063 (1998).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bogdan C.: Of microbes, macrophages and nitric oxide.Behring Inst. Mitt. 99, 58–72 (1997).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brunelli L., Crow J.P., Beckman J.S.: The comparative toxicity of nitric oxide and peroxynitrite toEscherichia coli.Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 316, 327–334 (1995).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cogliati M., Roverselli A., Boelaert J.R., Taramelli D., Lombardi L., Viviani M.A.: Development of anin vitro macrophage system to assessPenicillium marneffei growth and susceptibility to nitric oxide.Infect. Immun. 65, 279–284 (1997).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ducrocq C., Blanchard B., Pignatelli B., Ohshima H.: Peroxynitrite: an endogenous oxidizing and nitrating agent.Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 55, 1068–1077 (1999).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fernandes P.D., Assreuy J.: Role of nitric oxide and superoxide inGiardia lamblia killing.Braz. J. Med. Biol. Res. 30, 93–99 (1997).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fierro I.M., Barja-Fidalgo C., Cuñha F.Q., Ferreira S.H.: The involvement of nitric oxide in the anti-Candida albicans activity of rat neutrophils.Immunology 89, 295–300 (1996).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gross N.T., Nessa K., Camner D., Jarstrand C.: Production of nitric oxide by rat alveolar macrophages stimulated byCryoptococcus neoformans orAspergillus fumigatus.Med. Mycol. 37, 151–157 (1999).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Houk K.N., Condroski K.R., Pryor W.A.: Radical and concerted mechanisms in oxidations of amines, sulfides, and alkenes by peroxynitrite, peroxynitrous acid, and the peroxynitrite-CO2 adduct.J. Amer. Chem. Soc. 118, 13002–13006 (1996).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Koutný M.: From NO-confidence to nitric oxide acknowledgement: a story of bacterial nitric-oxide reductase.Folia Microbiol. 45, 197–204 (2000).

    Google Scholar 

  • Kudeken N., Kawakami K., Saito A.: Different susceptibilities of yeasts and conidia ofPenicillium marneffei to nitric oxide (NO)-mediated fungicidal activity of murine macrophages.Clin. Exp. Immunol. 112, 187–193 (1998).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kunert J.: Effect of nitric oxide donors on survival of conidia, germination and growth ofAspergillus fumigatus in vitro.Folia Microbiol. 40, 238–244 (1995).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Latgé J.P.:Aspergillus fumigatus and aspergillosis.Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 12, 310–350 (1999).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • MacMicking J., Xie Q.W., Nathan C.: Nitric oxide and macrophage function.Ann. Rev. Immunol. 15, 323–350 (1997).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Michaliszyn E., Sénéchal S., Martel P., de Repentigny L.: Lack of involvement of nitric oxide in killing ofAspergillus fumigatus conidia by pulmonaryalveolar macrophages.Infect. Immun. 63, 2075–2078 (1995).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pryor W.A., Squadrito G.L.: The chemistry of peroxynitrite: a product from the reaction of nitric oxide with superoxide.Amer. J. Physiol. 12, L699-L722 (1995).

    Google Scholar 

  • Pryor W.A., Lemercier J.N., Zhang H.W., Uppu R.M., Squadrito G.L.: The catalytic role of carbon dioxide in the decomposition of peroxynitrite.Free Radical Biol. Med. 23, 331–338 (1997).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Romani L., Howard D.H.: Mechanisms of resistance to fungal infections.Curr. Opin. Immunol. 7, 517–523 (1995).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sigler K., Chaloupka J., Brozmanová J., Stadler N., Höfer M.: Oxidative stress in microorganisms—I. Microbialvs. higher cells—damage and defenses in relation to cell aging and death.Folia Microbiol. 44, 587–624 (1999).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Squadrito G.L., Pryor W.A.: The nature of reactive species in systems that produce peroxynitrite.Chem. Res. Toxicol. 11, 718–719 (1998).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Taramelli D., Malabarba M.G., Sala G., Basilico N., Cocuzza G.: Production of cytokines by alveolar and peritoneal macrophages stimulated byAspergillus fumigatus conidia or hyphae.J. Med. Vet. Mycol. 34, 49–56 (1996).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vázquez-Torres A., Jones-Carson J., Balish E.: Nitric oxide production does not directly increase macrophage candidacidal activity.Infect. Immun. 63, 1142–1144 (1995).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vázquez-Torres A., Jones-Carson J., Balish E.: Peroxynitrite contributes to the candidacidal activity of nitric oxide-producing macrophages.Infect. Immun. 64, 3127–3133 (1996).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vázquez-Torres A., Balish E.: Macrophages in resistance to candidiasis.Microbiol. Mol. Rev. 61, 170–192 (1997).

    Google Scholar 

  • Xie Q., Kawakami K., Kudeken N., Zhang T., Qureshi M.H., Saito A.: Different susceptibility of three clinically isolated strains ofCryptococcus neoformans to the fungicidal effects of reactive nitrogen and oxygen intermediates: possible relationships with virulence.Microbiol. Immunol. (Japan) 41, 725–731 (1997).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zou M.H., Ullrich V.: Peroxynitrite formed by simultaneous generation of nitric oxide and superoxide selectively inhibits bovine aortic prostacyclin synthase.FEBS Lett. 3382, 101–104 (1996).

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Kunert, J. Effect of Peroxynitrite on dormant spores and germlings ofAspergillus fumigatus in vitro . Folia Microbiol 45, 325–329 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02817555

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02817555

Keywords

Navigation