Skip to main content
Log in

Water tolerance of DeNOx SCR catalysts using hydrocarbons: Findings, improvements and challenges

  • Journal Review
  • Published:
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The recent developments on the effect of H2O on deNOx performance of a variety of SCR catalysts selectively removing NOx by hydrocarbons in excess oxygen have been reviewed. In particular, the water tolerance of the catalyst is summarized to illustrate a common deactivation behavior of SCR catalyst for the reduction of NO by hydrocarbons under wet feed gas mixture. Earlier proposals elucidating the possible cause of the catalyst deactivation under wet conditions are discussed, focusing mainly on the catalyst characteristics. A promising way, which can improve the water tolerance and the hydrothermal stability of zeolite-based SCR catalyst, is also described.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Adelman, B. J., Beutel, T., Lei, G. D. and Sachtler, W. M. H., “On the Mechanism of Selective NOx Reduction with Alkanes over Cu/ZSM-5”,Appl. Catal. B,11, L1 (1996).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Adlhart, O. J., Hindin, S. G. and Kenson, R. E., “Processing Nitric Acid Tail Gas”,Chem. Eng. Prog.,67, 73 (1971).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Asbrink, S. and Norrby, L. J., “A Refinement of the Crystal Structure of Copper (II) Oxide with a Discussion of Some Experimental E.s.d.s”,Acta Crystallogr. B,26, 8 (1970).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ault, J. W. and Ayen, R J., “Catalytic Reduction of Nitric Oxide with Various Hydrocarbons”,AIChE J.,17, 265 (1971).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bethke, K. A., Alt, D. and Kung, M. C., “NO Reduction by Hydrocarbons in an Oxidizing Atmosphere over Transition Metal-Zirconium Mixed Oxides”,Catal. Lett.,25, 37 (1994).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bethke, K. A. and Kung, M. C., “Supported Ag Catalysts for the Lean Reduction of NO with C3H6”,J. Catal.,172, 93 (1997).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Burch, R. and Scire, S., “Selective Catalytic Reduction of Nitric Oxide with Ethane and Methane on Some Metal Exchanged ZSM-5 Zeolites”,Appl. Catal. B,3, 295 (1994).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chung, S. Y, Oh, S.-H., Kim, M. H., Nam, I.-S. and Kim, Y G., “Hydrothermal Stability of Dealuminated Mordenite Type Zeolite Catalysts for the Reduction of NO by C3H6. under Lean-Burn Condition”,Catal. Today,54, 521 (1999).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cohn, J. G. E., Orange, W., Steele, D. R. and Anderson, H. G., “Method of Selectively Removing Oxides of Nitrogen from Oxygen Containing Gases”, US 2975025 (1961).

  • Demicheli, M. C., Hoang, L. C., Menezo, J. C. and Barbier, J., “Influence of Metal Particle Size and Effect of Gold Addition on the Activity and Selectivity of Pt/Al2O3 Catalysts in the Reduction of Nitric Oxide by Methane”,Appl. Catal. A,97, L11 (1993).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Descorme, G, Gelin, P., Lecuyer, C. and Primet, M., “Palladium-Exchanged MFI-Type Zeolites in the Catalytic Reduction of Nitrogen Monoxide by Methane: Influence of the Si/Al Ratio on the Activity and the Hydrothermal Stability”,Appl. Catal. B,13, 185 (1997).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Flanigen, E. M., Bennett, J. M., Grose, R W., Cohen, J. P., Patton, R. L., Kirchner, R M. and Smith, J. V., “Silicalite, A New Hydrophobie Crystalline Silica Molecular Sieve”,Nature,271, 512 (1978).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fujitani, Y, Muraki, H, Kondo, S. and Fukui, M., “Method of Purifying Exhaust Gases”, JP 63100919 A(1988); DE 3735151 A1 (1988).

  • Gutierrez, L. B., Boix, A. V., Lombardo, E. A. and Fierro, J. L. G., “Study of the Co-Pt Synergism for the Selective Catalytic Reduction of NOx with CH4”,J. Catal,199, 60 (2001).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gopalakrishnan, R., Stafford, P. R., Davidson, J. E., Hecker, W. C. and Bartholomew, C. H., “Selective Catalytic Reduction of Nitric Oxide by Propane in Oxidizing Atmosphere over Copper-Exchanged Zeolites”,Appl. Catal. B,2, 165 (1993).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hamada, H., “Selective Reduction of NO by Hydrocarbons and Oxygenated Hydrocarbons over Metal Oxide Catalysts”,Catal. Today,22, 21 (1994).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hamada, H., Kintaichi, Y., Sasaki, M., Ito, T. and Tabata, M., “Highly Selective Reduction of Nitrogen Oxides with Hydrocarbons over H-Form Zeolite Catalysts in Oxygen-Rich Atmosphere”,Appl. Catal,64, L1 (1990).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hamada, H., Kintaichi, Y., Sasaki, M., Ito, T. and Tabata, M., “Transition Metal-Promoted Silica and Alumina Catalysts for the Selective Reduction of Nitrogen Monoxide with Propane”,Appl. Catal,75, L1 (1991).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hamada, H., Matsubayashi, N., Shimada, H., Kintaichi, Y., Ito, T. and Nishijima, A., “XANES and EXAFS Analysis of Copper Ion-Exchanged ZSM-5 Zeolite Catalyst Used for Nitrogen Monoxide Decomposition”,Catal. Lett.,5, 189 (1990).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hardee, J. R. and Hightower, J. W., “Nitric Oxide Reduction by Methane over Rh/Al2O3 Catalysts”,J. Catal,86, 137 (1984).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Held, W. and Konig, A., “Process and Apparatus for the Reduction of Nitrogen Oxides”, DE 3642018 A1 (1987).

  • Held, W., Konig, A. and Puppe, L., “Method and Apparatus for Reducing Nitrogen Oxides”, JP 63283727 A (1988).

  • Held, W., Konig, A. and Puppe, L., “Process and Device for Reducing Nitrogen Oxides”, DE 3713169 A1 (1988); EP 0286967 A2 (1988).

  • Held, W., Konig, A., Richter, T. and Puppe, L., “Catalytic NOx Reduction in Net Oxidizing Exhaust Gas”, SAE Paper 900496 (1990).

  • Hong, S.-S., Lee, G.-D., Park, J.-W., Park, D.-W., Cho, K.-M. and Oh, K.-J., “Catalytic Reduction of NO over Perovskite-Type Catalyst”,Korean J. Chem. Eng.,14, 491 (1997).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hosose, H., Yahiro, H., Mizuno, N. and Iwamoto, M., “Catalytic Activity of Cu/SiO2-Al2O3 Catalyst for Selective Reduction of Nitrogen Monoxide by Ethene in Oxidizing Atmosphere”,Chem. Lett., 1859 (1991).

  • Ishihara, T, Kagawa, M., Hadama, F. and Takita, Y., “Copper Ion-Exchanged SAPO-34 as a Thermostable Catalyst for Selective Reduction of NO with C3H6”,J. Catal,169, 93 (1997).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Iwamoto, M., “Decomposition of NO on Copper Ion-Exchanged Zeolite Catalysts”, in Proceedings of Meeting on Catalytic Technology for Removal of Nitrogen Monoxide, Tokyo, Japan (1990).

  • Iwamoto, M., “Catalytic Decomposition of Nitrogen Monoxide”,Stud. Surf. Sci. Catal,54, 121 (1990).

    Google Scholar 

  • Iwamoto, M. and Hamada, H., “Removal of Nitrogen Monoxide from Exhaust Gases through Novel Catalytic Processes”,Catal. Today,10, 57 (1991).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Iwamoto, M. and Mizuno, N., “NOx Emission Control in Oxygen-Rich Exhaust through Selective Catalytic Reduction by Hydrocarbon”,J. Auto. Eng.,207, 23 (1993).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Iwamoto, M. and Mizuno, N. and Yahiro, H., “Selective Catalytic Reduction of NO by Hydrocarbon in Oxidizing Atmosphere”, in Proceedings of 10th International Congress on Catalysis, Budapest, Hungry (1992).

  • Iwamoto, M. and Yahiro, H., “Novel Catalytic Decomposition and Reduction of NO”,Catal. Today,22, 5 (1994).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Iwamoto, M., Yahiro, H., Shundo, S., Yu-u, Y. and Mizuno, N., “Influence of Sulfur Dioxide on Catalytic Removal of Nitric Oxide over Copper Ion-Exchanged ZSM-5 Zeolite”,Appl. Catal,69, L15 (1991).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Iwamoto, M., Yahiro, H., Tanda, K., Mizuno, N., Mine, Y. and Kagawa, S., “Decomposition on Excessively Copper Ion-Exchanged ZSM-5 Zeolites”,J. Phys. Chem.,95, 3727 (1991).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kharas, K. C. C., Robota, H. J. and Liu, D. J., “Deactivation in Cu-ZSM-5 Lean-Burn Catalysts”,Appl. Catal. B,2, 225 (1993).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kim, M. H., “Effect of Water Vapor and SO2 on the Selective Reduction of NOx over Mordenite-Type Zeolite Catalysts by Hydrocarbons”, PhD Dissertation, Pohang University of Science and Technology (1996).

  • Kim, M. H., Nam, I.-S. and Kim, Y G., “Selective Catalytic Reduction of NO by Hydrocarbons over Mordenite-Type Zeolite Catalysts”,HWAHAK KONGHAK (in Korean),32, 402 (1994).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kim, M. H., Nam, I.-S. and Kim, Y G., “Selective Catalytic Reduction of Nitrogen Oxide by Hydrocarbons over Mordenite-Type Zeolite Catalysts”,Appl. Catal. B,6, 297 (1995).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kim, M. H., Nam, I.-S. and Kim, Y G., “The Role of Water for NO Reduction by Hydrocarbons over Copper Ion-Exchanged Mordenite-Type Zeolite Catalysts”,Stud. Surf. Sci. Catal,105, 1493 (1997).

    Google Scholar 

  • Kim, M. H., Nam, I.-S. and Kim, Y G., “Water Tolerance of Mordenite-Type Zeolite Catalysts for Selective Reduction of Nitric Oxide by Hydrocarbons”,Appl. Catal. B,12, 125 (1997).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kim, M. H., Nam, I.-S. and Kim, Y G., “Sulfur Tolerance of Cu- and H-Mordenite Zeolite Catalysts for the Reduction of NO by Hydrocarbons”,Stud. Surf. Sci. Catal,111, 213 (1997).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kim, M. H., Nam, I.-S. and Kim, Y G., “Formation of Isocyanate Species on the Surface of Mordenite-Type Zeolite Catalysts for the Reduction of NO by Hydrocarbons with H2O”,J. Chem. Soc, Chem. Commun, 1771 (1998).

  • Kim, M. H., Nam, I.-S. and Kim, Y G., “Characteristics of Mordenite-Type Zeolite Catalysts Deactivated by SO2 for the Reduction of NO with Hydrocarbons”,J. Catal,179, 350 (1998).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kim, M. H., Hwang, U.-C, Nam, I.-S. and Kim, Y G., “The Characteristics of a Copper-Exchanged Natural Zeolite for NO Reduction by NH3 and C3H6”,Catal. Today,44, 57 (1998).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kim, M. H., Nam, I.-S. and Kim, Y. G., “Reaction Intermediate over Mordenite-Type Zeolite Catalysts for NO Reduction by Hydrocarbons”,Korean J. Chem. Eng.,16, 139 (1999).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kintaichi, Y., Hamada, H., Tabata, M., Sasaki, M. and Ito, T., “Selective Reduction of Nitrogen Oxides with Hydrocarbons over Solid Acid Catalysts in Oxygen-Rich Atmosphere”,Catal. Lett.,6, 239 (1990).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Konno, M., Chikahisa, T., Murayama, T. and Iwamoto, M., “Catalytic Reduction of NOx in Actual Diesel Engine Exhaust”, SAE Paper 920091 (1992).

  • Lee, D. I., Lee, T. J., Ham, S. W., Nam, I. S., Oh, Y S. and Baek, Y S., “Characteristics of Cobalt-Exchanged Ferrierite Catalysts for the Reduction of NO by Methane”,Theor. Appl. Chem. Eng. (in Korean),7, 225 (2001).

    Google Scholar 

  • Li, Y. and Armor, J. N., “Catalytic Reduction of Nitrogen Oxides with Methane in the Presence of Excess Oxygen”,Appl. Catal. B,1, L31 (1992).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Li, Y. and Armor, J. N., “Selective Catalytic Reduction of NO with Methane on Gallium Catalysts”,J. Catal.,145, 1 (1994).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Li, Y. and Armor, J. N., “Selective Reduction of NOx by Methane on Co-Ferrierites”,J. Catal.,150, 376 (1994).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Li, Y., Battavio, P. J. and Armor, J. N., “Effect of Water Vapor on the Selective Reduction of NO by Methane over Cobalt-Exchanged ZSM-5”,J. Catal.,142, 561 (1993).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Li, Z. and Flytzani-Stephanopoulos, M., “Effect of Water Vapor and Sulfur Dioxide on the Performance of Ce-Ag-ZSM-5 for the SCR of NO with CH4”,Appl. Catal. B,22, 35 (1999).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Li, W., Sirilumpen, M. and Yang, R T., “Selective Catalytic Reduction of Nitric Oxide by Ethylene in the Presence of Oxygen over Cu2+-Exchanged Pillared Clays”,Appl. Catal. B,11, 347 (1997).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Maisuls, S. E., Seshan, K., Feast, S. and Lercher, J. A., “Selective Catalytic Reduction of NOx to Nitrogen over Co-Pt/ZSM-5: Part A. Characterization and Kinetic Studies”,Appl. Catal. B,29, 69 (2001).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Masuda, K., Shinoda, K., Kato, T. and Tsujimura, K., “Activity Enhancement of Ag/Mordenite Catalysts by Addition of Palladium for the Removal of Nitrogen Oxides from Diesel Engine Exhaust Gas”,Appl. Catal. B,15, 29 (1998).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Matsumoto, H. and Tanabe, S., “Catalytic Behavior and Structure of Active Species of Cu-Y Zeolite in Oxidation of Carbon Monoxide”,J. Phys. Chem.,94, 4207 (1990).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Maunula, T., Ahola, J. and Hamada, H., “Reaction Mechanism and Kinetics of NOx Reduction by Propene on CoOx/Alumina Catalysts in Lean Conditions”,Appl. Catal. B,26, 173 (2000).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Misono, M., Hirao, Y. and Yokoyama, C., “Reduction of Nitrogen Oxides with Hydrocarbons Catalyzed by Bifunctional Catalysts”,Catal. Today,38, 157 (1997).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Miyadera, T., “Alumina-Supported Silver Catalysts for the Selective Reduction of Nitric Oxide with Propene and Oxygen-Containing Organic Compounds”,Appl. Catal. B,2, 199 (1993).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Murakami, Y., Hayashi, K., Yasuda, K., Ito, T., Minami, T. and Miyamoto, A., “Catalytic Reduction of Nitrogen Oxides by Hydrocarbons over Metal Oxide Catalysts”,Nippon Kagaku Kaishi, 173 (1977).

  • Nakayama, T., Yasumatsu, T., Kokitsu, M., Tabata, T. and Sakane, H., “XAFS Studies of Copper/Zeolite Catalysts for NOx Reduction”,Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.,32, 487 (1993).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ogura, M., Hayashi, M., Kage, S., Matsukata, M. and Kikuchi, E., “Determination of Active Palladium Species in ZSM-5 Zeolite for Selective Reduction of Nitric Oxide with Methane”,Appl. Catal. B,23, 247 (1999).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ogura, M., Kage, S., Hayashi, M., Matsukata, M. and Kikuchi, E., “Remarkable Enhancement in Durability of Pd/H-ZSM-5 Zeolite Catalysts for CH4-SCR”,Appl. Catal. B,27, L213 (2000).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ohtsuka, H. and Tabata, T., “Effect of Water Vapor on the Deactivation of Pd-Zeolite Catalysts for Selective Catalytic Reduction of Nitrogen Monoxide by Methane”,Appl. Catal. B,21, 133 (1999).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ohtsuka, H. and Tabata, T., “Influence of Si/Al Ratio on the Activity and Durability of Pd-ZSM-5 Catalysts for Nitrogen Oxide Reduction by Methane”,Appl. Catal. B,26, 275 (2000).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Parvulescu, V I., Grange, P. and Delmon, B., “Catalytic Removal of NO”,Catal. Today,46, 233 (1998).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Piffer, R., Forster, H. and Niemann, W., “IR and XAS Investigations on the Interaction of Butadiene with Zeolite CuY”,Catal. Today,8, 491 (1991).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ramallo-Lopez, J. M., Requejo, F G., Gutierrez, L. B. and Miro, E. E., “EXAFS, TDPAC and TPR Characterization of PtInFerrierite: The Role of Surface Species in the SCR of NOx with CH4”,Appl. Catal. B,29, 35 (2001).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sato, K., Fujimoto, T., Kanai, S., Kintaichi, Y., Inaba, M., Haneda., M. and Hamada, H., “Catalytic Performance of Silver Ion-Exchanged Saponite for the Selective Reduction of Nitrogen Monoxide in the Presence of Excess Oxygen”,Appl. Catal. B,13, 27 (1997).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sato, S., Hirabayashi, H., Yahiro, H., Mizuno, N. and Iwamoto, M., “Iron Ion-Exchanged Zeolite: The Most Active Catalyst at 473 K for Selective Reduction of Nitrogen Monoxide by Ethene in Oxidizing Atmosphere”,Catal. Lett.,12, 193 (1992).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sato, S., Yu-u, Y., Yahiro, H., Mizuno, N. and Iwamoto, M., “Cu-ZSM-5 Zeolite as Highly Active Catalyst for Removal of Nitric Oxide from Emission of Diesel Engines”,Appl. Catal.,70, L1 (1991).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shimizu, K.-I., Satsuma, A. and Hattori, T., “Selective Catalytic Reduction of NO by Hydrocarbons on Ga2O3/Al2O3 Catalysts”,Appl. Catal. B,16, 319 (1998).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shimizu, K.-I., Maeshima, H., Satsuma, A. and Hattori, T., “Transition Metal-Aluminate Catalysts for NO Reduction by C3H6”,Appl. Catal. B,18, 163 (1998).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Smits, R. H. H. and Iwasawa, Y., “Reaction Mechanisms for the Reduction of Nitric Oxide by Hydrocarbons on Cu-ZSM-5 and Related Catalysts”,Appl. Catal. B,6, L201 (1995).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tabata, T., Kokitsu, M., Ohtsuka, H., Okada, O., Sabatino, L. M. F. and Bellussi, G., “Study on Catalysts of Selective Reduction of NOx Using Hydrocarbons for Natural Gas Engines”,Catal. Today,27, 91 (1996).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tabata, T., Kokitsu, M. and Okada, O., “Adsorption Properties of Oxygen and Methane on Ga-ZSM-5; The Origin of Selectivity of NOx Reduction Using Methane”,Catal. Lett.,25, 393 (1994).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tabata, T, Kokitsu, M. and Okada, O., “Study on Patent Literature of Catalysts for a New NOx Removal Process”,Catal. Today,22, 147 (1994).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tabata, T., Kokitsu, M., Okada, O., Nakayama, T., Yasumatsu, T. and Sakane, H., “Deterioration Mechanism of Cu/ZSM-5 as a Catalyst of Selective Reduction of NOx by Hydrocarbons from the Exhaust of Stationary Natural Gas-fueled Engine”, Catalyst Deactivation 1994, Delmon, B. and Froment, G. F., eds, Elsevier, Amsterdam (1994).

    Google Scholar 

  • Tabata, T., Ohtsuka, H., Okada, Sabatino, L. M. F. and Bellussi, G., “Selective Catalytic Reduction of NOx by Propane on Co-Loaded Zeolites”,Micropor. Mesopor. Mat.,21, 517 (1998).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tanaka, T., Matsumoto, S., Muraki, H. and Kondo, S., “Catalyst for Purifying Exhaust Gas”, JP 1130735 A (1989).

  • Teraoka, Y, Ogawa, H., Furukawa, H. and Kagawa, S., “Influence of Co-cations on Catalytic Activity of Copper Ion-Exchanged ZSM-5 Zeolite for Reduction of Nitric Oxide with Ethene in the Presence of Oxygen”,Catal. Lett.,12, 361 (1992).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Torikai, Y., Yahiro, H., Mizuno, N. and Iwamoto, M., “Enhancement of Catalytic Activity of Alumina by Copper Addition for Selective Reduction of Nitrogen Monoxide by Ethene in Oxidizing Atmosphere”,Catal. Lett.,9, 91 (1991).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Torre-Abreu, C., Ribeiro, M. F., Henriques, C. and Ribeiro, F. R., “Influence of Cocation on Catalytic Activity of CuMOR Catalysts for NO SCR by Propene. Effect of Water Presence”,Catal. Lett.,43, 25 (1997).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Torre-Abreu, C., Ribeiro, M. F., Henriques, C., Ribeiro, F R. and Delahay, G., “Deactivation of CuMFI Catalysts under NO Selective Catalytic Reduction by Propene: Influence of Zeolite Form, Si/Al Ratio and Copper Content”,Catal. Lett.,43, 31 (1997).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Truex, T. J., Searles, R. A. and Sun, D. C., “Catalysts for Nitrogen Oxides Control under Lean Burn Conditions: The Opportunity for New Technology to Complement Platinum Group Metal Autocatalysts”,Platinum Metals Rev.,36, 2 (1992).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Uchida, H., Yamaseki, K.-I. and Takahashi, I., “NOx Reduction with Methane over Mordenite Supported Palladium Catalyst”,Catal. Today,29, 99 (1996).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ueda, A., Oshima, T. and Haruta, M., “Reduction of Nitrogen Monoxide with Propene in the Presence of Oxygen and Moisture over Gold Supported on Metal Oxides”,Appl. Catal. B,12, 81 (1997).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wang, X., Zhang, T., Sun, X., Guan, W., Liang, D. and Lin, L., “Enhanced Activity of an In-Fe2O3/H-ZSM-5 Catalyst for NO Reduction with Methane”,Appl. Catal. B,24, 169 (2000).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wells, A. F., “Structural Inorganic Chemistry”, 5th edn, Clarendon, Oxford (1984).

    Google Scholar 

  • Witzel, F., Sill, G A. and Hall, W K., “Reaction Studies of the Selective Reduction of NO by Various Hydrocarbons”,J. Catal.,149, 229 (1994).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yogo, K., Ihara, M., Terasaki, I. and Kikuchi, E., “Gallium Ion-Exchanged Zeolite as a Selective Catalyst for Reduction of Nitric Oxide with Hydrocarbons under Oxygen-Rich Conditions”,Catal. Lett.,17, 303 (1993).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yogo, K., Ihara, M., Umeno, M., Terasaki, I., Watanabe, H. and Kikuchi, E., “Selective Reduction of NO by Methane on Zeolite Catalysts”,Shokubai,35, 126 (1993).

    Google Scholar 

  • Yogo, K., Umeno, M., Watanabe, H. and Kikuchi, E., “Selective Reduction of Nitric Oxide by Methane on H-Form Zeolite Catalysts in Oxygen-Rich Atmosphere”,Catal. Lett.,19, 131 (1993).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang, X., Walters, A. B. and Vannice, M. A., “Catalytic Reduction of NO by CIL over Li-Promoted MgO”,J. Catal.,146, 568 (1994).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to In-Sik Nam.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Kim, M.H., Nam, IS. Water tolerance of DeNOx SCR catalysts using hydrocarbons: Findings, improvements and challenges. Korean J. Chem. Eng. 18, 725–740 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02706393

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02706393

Key words

Navigation