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Systematics and karyoevolution inMagnoliidae:Tetrameranthus as compared with otherAnnonaceae genera of the same chromosome number

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Abstract

First generic chromosome counts reveal the base number x=7 for the generaTetrameranthus andRollinia. T. umbellatus from the Peruvian Amazon is diploid (2n=14),T. duckei from Brazil (Manaus) is tetraploid (2n=28). In the NeotropicsRollinia (7 species counted) has developed diploid to octoploid taxa (2n=14, 28, 42, 56). Counts of 7 South AmericanAnnona species are presented for comparison (2n=14, 28). The West AfricanCleistopholis patens has 2n=14. The Asian genusMezettia: 2n=14 and the neotropicalGuatteria tribe: 2n=28 are also revised. A detailed karyomorphological comparison, including karyotypes, banding patterns, condensing behaviour of chromosomes and structure of interphase nuclei reveals that the closely related generaAnnona andRollinia are almost identical in their diploid genomes, whereas the polyploid ones differ in their heterochromatin (=hc) composition and number of NO-chromosomes.Cleistopholis, Mezettia and theGuatteria tribe are karyologically and systematically distinct from each other and fromAnnona/Rollinia. Tetrameranthus as compared with the karyomorphology of about 60 other Annonaceous genera has a very peculiar and unusual karyomorphology which underlines its isolated position. Nuclear structures are almost identical in the African genusUvariopsis (2n = 16) and partly similar in theGuatteria tribe; both also share some morphological similarities and possibly are related. From a comparison ofTetrameranthus with several nuclear types within theMagnoliidae, a new model of chromosome evolution in primitive Angiosperms is suggested. In respect to their eco-morphological differentiation the genera investigated differ strongly from each other.

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  1. Institut für Botanik und Botanischer Garten, Universität Wien, Rennweg 14, A-1030, Wien, Austria

    Wilfried Morawetz

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  1. Wilfried Morawetz
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Dedicated to Prof. Dr. K.-H.Rechinger on the occasion of His 80th birthday.

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Morawetz, W. Systematics and karyoevolution inMagnoliidae:Tetrameranthus as compared with otherAnnonaceae genera of the same chromosome number. Pl Syst Evol 154, 147–173 (1986). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00984875

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