Summary
Addition of β-lapachone, ano-naphthoquinone with bactericidal, cytotoxic, and trypanocidal activities, toTrypanosoma cruzi epimastigote and amastigote stages induced the release of O −2 and H2O2 from the whole cells into the suspending medium. In the presence of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide as reductant β-lapachone was also able to stimulate O −2 and H2O2 production by homogenates of these stages. Electron micrographs showed that in β-lapachone-treated amastigotes and trypomastigotes, the chromatin is arranged in patches, clearly differing from the normal pattern of chromatin distribution.
Alterations of the nuclear, mitochondrial, and cytoplasmic membranes, as well as swelling of the mitochondrion were also observed.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bloom, F.E., Aghajanian, G.K.: Fine structure and cytochemical analysis of the staining of synaptic junctions with phosphotungstic acid. J. Ultrastruct. Res.22, 361–375 (1968)
Boveris, A.: Mitochondrial production of superoxide radical and hydrogen peroxide. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol.78, 65–82 (1977)
Boveris, A., Martino, E., Stoppani A.O.M.: Evaluation of the horseradish peroxidase-scopoletin method for the measurements of hydrogen peroxide formation in biological systems. Anal. Biochem.80, 145–158 (1977)
Boveris, A., Stoppani, A.O.M.: Hydrogen peroxide generation inTrypanosoma cruzi. Experientia33, 1306–1308 (1977)
Cruz, F.S., Docampo, R., De Souza, W.: Effect of β-lapachone on hydrogen peroxide production inTrypanosoma cruzi. Acta Trop. (Basel)35, 35–40 (1978)
De Souza, W., Souto-Padron, T.: Ultrastructural localization of basic proteins on the gonoid, rhoptries and micronemes ofToxoplasma gondii. Z. Parasitenkd. (in press)
Docampo, R., Boiso, J.F. de, Boveris, A., Stoppani, A.O.M.: Localization of peroxidase activity inTrypanosoma cruzi microbodies. Experientia32, 972–975 (1976)
Docampo, R., Cruz, F.S., Boveris, A., Muniz, R.P.A., Esquivel, D.M.S.: Lipid peroxidation and the generation of free radicals, superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide in β-lapachone-treatedTrypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes. Arch. Biochem. Biophys.186, 292–297 (1978)
Docampo, R., Lopes, J.N., Cruz, F.S., De Souza, W.:Trypanosoma cruzi: Ultrastructural and metabolic alterations of epimastigotes by β-lapachone. Exp. Parasitol.42, 142–149 (1977)
Fong, K.L., Mc Cay, P.B., Poyer, J.L., Keele, B.B., Misra, H.: Evidence that peroxidation of lysosomal membrane is initiated by hydroxyl free radicals produced during flavin enzyme activity. J. Biol. Chem.248, 7792–7797 (1973)
Fridovich, I.: Superoxide dismutases. Ann. Rev. Biochem.45, 147–159 (1975)
Gordon, M., Bensch, K.G.: Cytochemical differentiation of the guinea pig sperm flagellum with phosphotungstic acid. J. Ultrastruct. Res.24, 33–50 (1968)
Gornall, A.G., Bardawill, C.S., David, M.N. Determination of serum proteins by means of the biuret reaction. J. Biol. Chem.177, 751–766 (1949)
Gregory, E.M., Fridovich, I.: Oxygen toxicity and the superoxide dismutase. J. Bacteriol.114, 1193–1197 (1973)
Gutteridge, W.E., Cover, B., Gaborak, M.: Isolation of blood and intracellular forms ofTrypanosoma cruzi from rats and other rodents and preliminary studies of their metabolism. Parasitology76, 159–176 (1978)
Haschemeyer, R.H., Myers, R.: Negative staining. In: Principles and techniques of electron microscopy. Biological applications. Vol. 2, M.A. Hayatt, ed., pp 99–147. New York and London: Van Nostrand Reinhold Company 1972
Koppenol, W.H.: Reactions involving singlet oxygen and the superoxide anion. Nature262, 420–421 (1976)
Latuasan, H.E., Berends, W.: On the origin of the toxicity of toxoflavin. Biochim. Biophys. Acta52, 502–508 (1961)
Meshnick, S.R., Chang, K.P., Cerami, A.: Heme lysis of the bloodstream forms ofTrypanosoma brucei. Biochem. Pharmacol.26, 1923–1928 (1977)
Misra, H.P., Fridovich, I.: The univalent reduction of oxygen by reduced flavin and quinones. J. Biol. Chem.247, 188–192 (1972)
Oshino, N., Chance, B., Sies, H., Bucher, T.: The rate of H2O2 generation in perfused rat liver and the reaction of catalase compound 1 and hydrogen donors. Arch. Biochem. Biophys.154, 106–116 (1973)
Ōyanagui, Y.: Stimulatory effect of platinium (IV) ion on the production of superoxide radical from xanthine oxidase and macrophages. Biochem. Pharmacol.26, 473–476 (1977)
Sheridan, W.F., Barrnett, R.J.: Cytochemical studies on chromosome ultrastructure. J. Ultrastruct. Res.27, 216–229 (1969)
Silveira, M.: Characterization of an unusual nucleus by electron microscopy. J. Submicros. Cytol.2, 13–20 (1970)
Souto-Padron, T., De Souza, W.: Ultrastructural localization of basic proteins inTrypanosoma cruzi. J. Histochem. Cytochem.26, 349–358 (1978)
Tappel, A.L.: Lipid peroxidation damage to cell components. Fed. Proc.32, 1870–1874 (1973)
Tomasz, M.: H2O2 generation during the redox cycle of mitomycin C and DNA-bound mitomycin C. Chem. Biol. Interact.13, 89–97 (1976)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Docampo, R., De Souza, W., Cruz, F.S. et al. Ultrastructural alterations and peroxide formation induced by naphthoquinones in different stages ofTrypanosoma cruzi . Z. Parasitenkd. 57, 189–198 (1978). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00928032
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00928032